ReviewCells2021
New Onset of Autoimmune Diseases Following COVID-19 Diagnosis.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 154 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
154 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 297 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of autoantibody responses in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation in the treatment of autoimmune and rheumatic immune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Vaccination and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Autoantibodies against type I interferons in COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023Pooled it
- A case of ANCA-associated vasculitis in a 16-year-old female following SARS-COV-2 infection and a systematic review of the literature.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 associated pediatric vasculitis: A systematic review and detailed analysis of the pathogenesis.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19-associated cutaneous vasculitis with exfoliative erythroderma and extensive scarring: Long-term clinical and laser management.JAAD case reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on growth, nutrition and immune function in infants and toddlers.Public health nutrition · 2026Article
- Tissue-specific autoantibody signatures reveal immune alterations undetected by routine serology in long COVID.GeroScience · 2026Article
- A Focused Comparative Review of Innovative Therapeutics Across Autoimmune and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients Admitted with Pericardial Effusion.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Differentiating Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) from Acute COVID-19 Using Biomarkers: Toward a Practical Clinical Scoring Model.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Diagnosis of Dual c- and p-ANCA Vasculitis Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- From Viral Recovery to Autoimmunity: A Case Report of Rheumatoid Arthritis Emergence After COVID-19.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2026Article
- COVID-19-associated Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and the Role of IVIG Therapy.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Study on the dynamic changes in antinuclear antibody spectrum in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Post-COVID-19 arthritis: viral arthritis, not reactive arthritis.EULAR rheumatology open · 2025Article
- Effects of coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with optic neuritis: a single-centre retrospective cohort study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
94 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is growing evidence that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can lead to a dysregulation of the immune system with the development of autoimmune phenomena. The consequence of this immune dysregulation ranges from the production of autoantibodies to the onset of rheumatic autoimmune disease. In this context, we conducted a systematic review to analyze the current data regarding the new-onset systemic and rheumatic autoimmune diseases in COVID-19 patients. A literature search in PubMed and Scopus databases from December 2019 to September 2021 identified 99 patients that fulfilled the specific diagnostic/classification criteria and/or nomenclature for each rheumatic autoimmune disease. The main diseases reported were vasculitis and arthritis. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, systemic lupus erythematosus, and sarcoidosis were also reported in a limited number of patients, as well as isolated cases of systemic sclerosis and adult-onset Still's disease. These findings highlight the potential spectrum of systemic and rheumatic autoimmune diseases that could be precipitated by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Complementary studies are needed to discern the link between the SARS-CoV-2 and new onset-rheumatic diseases so that this knowledge can be used in early diagnosis and the most suitable management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.