ArticleCells2021
Modulation of Tregs and iNKT by Fingolimod in Multiple Sclerosis Patients.
Article in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural killer T cells as therapeutic targets for neuroinflammatory disorders.Animal cells and systems · 2026Review
- Early Growth Response Gene 1 Benefits Autoimmune Disease by Promoting Regulatory T Cell Differentiation as a Regulator of Foxp3.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Immunological microenvironment and targeted therapeutics in multiple sclerosis: new insights in crosstalk between immune niches and CNS.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Re-establishing immune tolerance in multiple sclerosis: focusing on novel mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell regulation of Th17/Treg balance.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- Response to Fingolimod in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Is Associated with a Differential Transcriptomic Regulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Causal association between the peripheral immunity and the risk and disease severity of multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The Application Potential of the Regulation of Tregs Function by Irisin in the Prevention and Treatment of Immune-Related Diseases.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The altered numbers and functions of cells belonging to immunoregulatory cell networks such as T regulatory (Tregs) and invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells have been reported in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), an immune-mediated disease. We aimed to assess the frequencies of Tregs and iNKT cells in MS patients throughout a one-year treatment with fingolimod (FTY) and to correlate immunological data with efficacy and safety data. The percentage of Tregs (defined as Live Dead-CD3 + CD4 + FoxP3 + CD25++/CD127- cells) increased steadily throughout the year, while there was no significant difference in the absolute number or percentage of iNKT cells (defined as CD3 + CD14-CD19- Vα24-Jα18 TCR+ cells). However, out of all the iNKT cells, the CD8+ iNKT and CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) cell percentages steadily increased, while the CD4+ iNKT cell percentages decreased significantly. The mean percentage of CD8+ T cells at all time-points was lower in patients with infections throughout the study. The numbers and percentages of DN iNKT cells were more elevated, considering all time-points, in patients who presented a clinical relapse. FTY may, therefore, exert its beneficial effect in MS patients through various mechanisms, including the increase in Tregs and in iNKT subsets with immunomodulatory potential such as CD8+ iNKT cells. The occurrence of infections was associated with lower mean CD8+ cell counts during treatment with FTY.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.