ArticleCells2021
Optimized 3D Culture of Hepatic Cells for Liver Organoid Metabolic Assays.
Article in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Biobanked Liver Organoids: A Roadmap for Precision Hepatology.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Stem Cells and Wildlife Conservation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Schisandrin B Alleviates Lipid Metabolism Disorders and Apoptosis of MAFLD via Modulation of PPARγ-PCK1 and Caspase-3 Signaling Pathways.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- From gut to liver: organoids as platforms for next-generation toxicology assessment vehicles for xenobiotics.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Generation of human hepatobiliary organoids with a functional bile duct from chemically induced liver progenitor cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Article
- Evaluation of different media compositions promoting hepatocyte differentiation in the canine liver organoid model.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Using Liver Organoids as Models to Study the Pathobiology of Rare Liver Diseases.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Large-scale high-throughput 3D culture, imaging, and analysis of cell spheroids using microchip-enhanced light-sheet microscopy.Biomedical optics express · 2023Article
- Liver Organoids as an In Vitro Model to Study Primary Liver Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Primary Hepatocyte Isolation and Cultures: Technical Aspects, Challenges and Advancements.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Isolation of Hepatocytes from Liver Tissue by a Novel, Semi-Automated Perfusion Technology.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Review
- Advances in liver organoids: model systems for liver disease.Archives of pharmacal research · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The liver is among the principal organs for glucose homeostasis and metabolism. Studies of liver metabolism are limited by the inability to expand primary hepatocytes in vitro while maintaining their metabolic functions. Human hepatic three-dimensional (3D) organoids have been established using defined factors, yet hepatic organoids from adult donors showed impaired expansion. We examined conditions to facilitate the expansion of adult donor-derived hepatic organoids (HepAOs) and HepG2 cells in organoid cultures (HepGOs) using combinations of growth factors and small molecules. The expansion dynamics, gluconeogenic and HNF4α expression, and albumin secretion are assessed. The conditions tested allow the generation of HepAOs and HepGOs in 3D cultures. Nevertheless, gluconeogenic gene expression varies greatly between conditions. The organoid expansion rates are limited when including the TGFβ inhibitor A8301, while are relatively higher with Forskolin (FSK) and Oncostatin M (OSM). Notably, expanded HepGOs grown in the optimized condition maintain detectable gluconeogenic expression in a spatiotemporal distribution at 8 weeks. We present optimized conditions by limiting A8301 and incorporating FSK and OSM to allow the expansion of HepAOs from adult donors and HepGOs with gluconeogenic competence. These models increase the repertoire of human hepatic cellular tools available for use in liver metabolic assays.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.