ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
The Reliability of Two- and Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Measurements: A CBCT Study.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06320665 (Assessment of Vertical Pattern in Correlation With Third Molar Inclusion), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Assessment of Vertical Pattern in Correlation With Third Molar Inclusion : a 3D CBCT Analysis
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Accuracy of automated 3D cephalometric landmarks by deep learning algorithms: systematic review and meta-analysis.La Radiologia medica · 2023Pooled it
- Evaluation of accuracy between extraoral Gothic arch tracing and various other methods assessing horizontal condylar guidance angle in completely edentulous patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of Indian Prosthodontic SocietyPooled it
- Are the results of the Wits appraisal clinically interchangeable when evaluating 2D and 3D images? : A CBCT-dataset method-comparison study.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Article
- A novel posterior occlusal splint improves symptoms and prognosis of coexisting temporomandibular disorders and deep bite: a retrospective study.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Quality assurance in orthognathic surgery using Brons-Mulié's soft tissue analysis, Nakamura's asymmetry index and a simple Enface analysis.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluating the precision and reproducibility of cephalometric landmarks in locally reconstructed lateral cephalometric radiographs from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional partitioning and quantification of orthodontic root resorption via automatic root extraction from cone-beam computed tomography.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional analysis of mandibular and condylar growth using artificial intelligence tools: a comparison of twin-block and Frankel II Appliances.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Transverse dentoalveolar changes of mandibular canine and premolar regions after lip bumper therapy: a retrospective CBCT study.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Article
- The influence of arch shape on the incidence of third molar impaction: A cross-sectional study.The Saudi dental journal · 2024Article
- Skeletal stability after maxillary distraction osteogenesis or conventional Le Fort I osteotomy in patients with cleft lip and palate: A superimposition-based cephalometric analysis.Oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2024Article
- Comparison of Diagnostic Validity of Cephalometric Analyses of the ANB Angle and Tau Angle for Assessment of the Sagittal Relationship of Jaw and Mandible.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Natural reference structures for three-dimensional maxillary regional superimposition in growing patients.BMC oral health · 2023Article
- The Reliability of Three-Dimensional Landmark-Based Craniomaxillofacial and Airway Cephalometric Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- MRI-based cephalometrics: a scoping review of current insights and future perspectives.Dento maxillo facial radiology · 2023Article
- The Association Between Skeletal Facial Types and Third Molars Impaction in a Saudi Arabian Subpopulation: A CBCT Study.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2023Article
- An Update on Advanced Diagnostic Imaging in Dentistry.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
Cephalometry is a standard diagnostic tool in orthodontic and orthognathic surgery fields. However, built-in magnification from the cephalometric machine produces double images from left- and right-side craniofacial structures on the film, which poses difficulty for accurate cephalometric tracing and measurements. The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images not only allow three-dimensional (3D) analysis, but also enable the extraction of two-dimensional (2D) images without magnification. To evaluate the most reliable cephalometric analysis method, we extracted 2D lateral cephalometric images with and without magnification from twenty full-cranium CBCT datasets; images were extracted with magnification to mimic traditional lateral cephalograms. Cephalometric tracings were performed on the two types of extracted 2D lateral cephalograms and on the reconstructed 3D full cranium images by two examiners. The intra- and inter-examiner intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were compared between linear and angular parameters, as well as between CBCT datasets of adults and children. Our results showed that overall, tracing on 2D cephalometric images without magnification increased intra- and inter-examiner reliability, while 3D tracing reduced inter-examiner reliability. Angular parameters and children's images had the lowest inter- and intra-examiner ICCs compared with adult samples and linear parameters. In summary, using lateral cephalograms extracted from CBCT without magnification for tracing/analysis increased reliability. Special attention is needed when analyzing young patients' images and measuring angular parameters.
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