ReviewBrain sciences2021
Social Isolation, Loneliness and Generalized Anxiety: Implications and Associations during the COVID-19 Quarantine.
Review in Brain sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutraceutical Blends Promote Weight Loss, Inflammation Reduction, and Better Sleep: The Role of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in Overweight Adults-A Double-Blind Trial.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Trial
- Social Isolation in Adults Who Stutter: A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Risk and Correlates.American journal of speech-language pathology · 2026Article
- Global burden of mental disorders among women of child-bearing age, 1990-2021, with projections to 2050.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Gα13 Overexpression in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Disrupts Social Behavior Through the Adcyap1/cAMP/PKA/NMDAR Pathway.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the risk of generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder in COVID-19 survivors: a prospective longitudinal cohort study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Unravelling longitudinal associations of social and emotional loneliness with social isolation and mental health outcomes: a cross-lagged panel network analysis.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2026Article
- Network analysis of social isolation, loneliness, depression and anxiety among post-discharge rehabilitation patients.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Contribution of social determinants to symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- Age-related differences in unmet needs and their predictors among adults with bladder cancer.Urologic oncology · 2025Article
- Metacognition mediates the relationship between anxiety and smartphone addiction in university students.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between loneliness and depression, anxiety and anger during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide population-based survey.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Effects of social isolation on locus coeruleus opioid receptor expression and affective behavior.Neurobiology of stress · 2025Article
- The role of anxiety factors in predicting smartphone addiction mediated by metacognition among university students: a two-stage SEM-ANN approach.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Analysis of young students' perception of loneliness: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the emotional disorders of adolescents from rural high schools in Dobrogea, Romania.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Effects of single housing on behavior, corticosterone level and body weight in male and female mice.Laboratory animal research · 2024Article
- Article
- Perceived stress from social isolation or loneliness among clinical and non-clinical healthcare workers during COVID-19.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The impact of social isolation on smartphone addiction among college students: the multiple mediating effects of loneliness and COVID-19 anxiety.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Negative mood state in Kermanshah population during COVID-19 quarantine linked to low physical activity levels: a cross-sectional online survey study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a predominantly global quarantine response that has been associated with social isolation, loneliness, and anxiety. The foregoing experiences have been amply documented to have profound impacts on health, morbidity, and mortality. This narrative review uses the extant neurobiological and theoretical literature to explore the association between social isolation, loneliness, and anxiety in the context of quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic. Emerging evidence suggests that distinct health issues (e.g., a sedentary lifestyle, a diminished overall sense of well-being) are associated with social isolation and loneliness. The health implications of social isolation and loneliness during quarantine have a heterogenous and comorbid nature and, as a result, form a link to anxiety. The limbic system plays a role in fear and anxiety response; the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, amygdala, HPA axis, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, insula, and locus coeruleus have an impact in a prolonged anxious state. In the conclusion, possible solutions are considered and remarks are made on future areas of exploration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.