ArticleJournal of cognitive neuroscience2022
Distributed and Multifaceted Effects of Threat and Safety.
Article in Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Article
- Fear, anxiety, and the extended amygdala-absence of evidence for strict functional segregation.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2026Article
- Fear, anxiety, and the extended amygdala-bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A Shared Threat-Anticipation Circuit Is Dynamically Engaged at Different Moments by Certain and Uncertain Threat.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- A shared threat-anticipation circuit is dynamically engaged at different moments by certain and uncertain threat.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Neural processes of emotional conflict detection and prediction of posttraumatic stress disorder symptom clusters in traumatic injury survivors.Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy · 2025Article
- An Honest Reckoning With the Amygdala and Mental Illness.The American journal of psychiatry · 2024Review
- Noncortical cognition: integration of information for close-proximity behavioral problem-solving.Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2024Article
- Understanding anxiety symptoms as aberrant defensive responding along the threat imminence continuum.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- Threat and Reward Imminence Processing in the Human Brain.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- How many brain regions are needed to elucidate the neural bases of fear and anxiety?Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- Brainstem networks construct threat probability and prediction error from neuronal building blocks.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Threat and Bidirectional Valence Signaling in the Nucleus Accumbens Core.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022Article
- Cerebral Perfusion Patterns of Anxiety State in Patients With Pulmonary Nodules: A Study of Cerebral Blood Flow Based on Arterial Spin Labeling.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Robust BOLD Responses to Faces But Not to Conditioned Threat: Challenging the Amygdala's Reputation in Human Fear and Extinction Learning.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In the present fMRI study, we examined how anxious apprehension is processed in the human brain. A central goal of the study was to test the prediction that a subset of brain regions would exhibit sustained response profiles during threat periods, including the anterior insula, a region implicated in anxiety disorders. A second important goal was to evaluate the responses in the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminals, regions that have been suggested to be involved in more transient and sustained threat, respectively. A total of 109 participants performed an experiment in which they encountered "threat" or "safe" trials lasting approximately 16 sec. During the former, they experienced zero to three highly unpleasant electrical stimulations, whereas in the latter, they experienced zero to three benign electrical stimulations (not perceived as unpleasant). The timing of the stimulation during trials was randomized, and as some trials contained no stimulation, stimulation delivery was uncertain. We contrasted responses during threat and safe trials that did not contain electrical stimulation, but only the potential that unpleasant (threat) or benign (safe) stimulation could occur. We employed Bayesian multilevel analysis to contrast responses to threat and safe trials in 85 brain regions implicated in threat processing. Our results revealed that the effect of anxious apprehension is distributed across the brain and that the temporal evolution of the responses is quite varied, including more transient and more sustained profiles, as well as signal increases and decreases with threat.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.