ArticleAppetite2022
Associations between sleep duration and Mediterranean diet score in Costa Rican adults.
Article in Appetite, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06300684 (Sleep, Diet and Chrononutrition), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Sleep, Diet and Chrononutrition: Studying the Dual Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBTi) on Sleep and Dietary Habits
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sleep and the Mediterranean diet: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Sleep medicine reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Adherence to the Alternate Mediterranean Diet and Multidimensional Sleep Health Among US Adults from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Exploring Racial/Ethnic Disparities.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2026Article
- Association Between Diet Diversity and Sleep Quality Among Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study at Rawalpindi Medical University.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Unraveling the connection between the Mediterranean diet and sleep health: from biological mechanisms to clinical implications.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Review
- Sleep Duration is Associated with Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Lower Income Adults from the San Francisco Bay Area: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Article
- The Mediterranean Diet, the DASH Diet, and the MIND Diet in Relation to Sleep Duration and Quality: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Nutritional Barriers to the Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Non-Mediterranean Populations.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Mediterranean diet adherence and sleep pattern: a systematic review of observational studies.BMC nutrition · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the relationship between the Mediterranean diet adherence and sleep quality in adults.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- The moderating effect of alternate Mediterranean diet on the association between sedentary behavior and insomnia in postmenopausal women.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Dietary polyphenols and sleep modulation: Current evidence and perspectives.Sleep medicine reviews · 2023Review
- Association between Mediterranean dietary pattern with sleep duration, sleep quality and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in Iranian adults.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Favorable Health-Related Quality of Life, Physical Activity, and Sleep Quality in a Community-Dwelling Greek Older Population.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mediterranean Diet on Sleep: A Health Alliance.Nutrients · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Both insufficient and excessive sleep duration have been associated with lower-quality diets in adult populations. However, investigations in Latin America, where different sleep norms may exist (e.g., daily napping), are scarce. Therefore, we examined whether weekday sleep duration and inconsistencies between weekday and weekend sleep duration were related to adherence to the Mediterranean diet among Costa Rican adults. The study population included 2169 controls (74% men) from a population-based case-control study. Usual sleep duration (weekday versus weekend) was self-reported and defined as short, recommended, and long (<7 h, 7-9 h, >9 h, respectively). Inconsistent weekday-weekend sleep duration was defined as >1-h difference. Diet was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet was calculated with the Alternative Mediterranean Diet Score (AMED). Sex-stratified linear regression models were conducted with AMED score as a continuous outcome and sleep variables as categorical or dichotomous exposures (in separate models). Models were adjusted for age, area of residence, education, napping, caffeine intake, smoking status, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and physical activity. Average (SD) hours of sleep per night reported were 7.0 (1.4) on weekdays and 7.3 (1.6) on weekends for men, and 7.0 (1.5) on weekdays and 7.2 (1.6) on weekends for women. Among women, sleep duration <7-h per night was associated with a lower AMED score compared to those with recommended sleep duration (β: -0.35, CI: -0.63 to -0.07). Unstratified models showed a suggestive association between inconsistent weekday-weekend sleep and lower AMED scores that did not vary by sex (β: -0.08, CI: -0.16, 0.006; P, interaction with sex = 0.93). Lastly, the napping frequency was not associated with AMED scores in any model. In conclusion, short and inconsistent sleep duration may affect the dietary patterns of Costa Ricans.
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