ArticleToxics2021
Carbonyl Composition and Electrophilicity in Vaping Emissions of Flavored and Unflavored E-Liquids.
Article in Toxics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toxicity, Chemistry, and Public Health Relevance of Emerging Nicotine Analog Vapes, Pods, and Pouches.Chemical research in toxicology · 2026Review
- Aromatic aldehydes formed during heating of cinnamon-flavored e-liquids drive pro-inflammatory responses in human aortic smooth muscle cells.Current research in toxicology · 2026Article
- Adverse Physical Consequences of Perinatal E-cigarette Use by Pregnant Mothers on Their Offspring: A Scoping Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Application of Cs/GO/TiOScientific reports · 2025Article
- Chemical Transformation of Vaping Emissions under Indoor Atmospheric Aging Processes.Chemical research in toxicology · 2025Article
- Forecasting vaping health risks through neural network model prediction of flavour pyrolysis reactions.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A comparison of the exposure system of glycidol-related chemicals on the formation of glycidol-hemoglobin adducts.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
- External Factors Modulating Vaping-Induced Thermal Degradation of Vitamin E Acetate.Chemical research in toxicology · 2023Article
- Effects of Common e-Liquid Flavorants and Added Nicotine on Toxicant Formation during Vaping Analyzed byChemical research in toxicology · 2022Article
- Formation of Redox-Active Duroquinone from Vaping of Vitamin E Acetate Contributes to Oxidative Lung Injury.Chemical research in toxicology · 2022Article
- Temperature dependence of emission product distribution from vaping of vitamin E acetate.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), and flavoring chemicals can thermally degrade to form carbonyls during vaping, but less is known about carbonyl emissions produced by transformation of flavoring chemicals and the interactive effects among e-liquid constituents. This study characterized carbonyl composition and levels in vaping emissions of PG-VG (e-liquid base solvents) and four e-liquid formulations flavored with
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.