Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34941778›Full record

ArticleToxics2021

RETRACTED: Combined Toxicity of Xenobiotics Bisphenol A and Heavy Metals on Zebrafish Embryos (

Davide Di Paola, Fabiano Capparucci, Giovanni Lanteri, Marika Cordaro, Rosalia Crupi, Rosalba Siracusa, Ramona D'Amico, Roberta Fusco, Daniela Impellizzeri, Salvatore Cuzzocrea and 3 more

RetractedOpen access · goldAbstract readRetracted Publication
In one paragraph

Article in Toxics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Unravelling the developmental toxicity of heavy metals using zebrafish as a model: a narrative review.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Davide Di PaolaDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7563-9832
Fabiano CapparucciDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1807-406X
Giovanni LanteriDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3436-2814
Marika CordaroDepartment of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3980-0043
Rosalia CrupiDepartment of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7629-3132
Rosalba SiracusaDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7868-2505
Ramona D'AmicoDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0389-3871
Roberta FuscoDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0223-1403
Daniela ImpellizzeriDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9492-3161
Salvatore CuzzocreaDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6131-3690
Nunziacarla SpanòDepartment of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8360-4795
Enrico GugliandoloDepartment of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6840-3154
Alessio Filippo PeritoreDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8545-990X
University of Messina · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Environmental pollutants may cause adverse effects on the immune system of aquatic organisms. This study revealed that combination of environmental pollutants and Bisphenol A(BPA) could cause an acute inflammatory response in zebrafish larvae as shown by body alterations, which may imply a common immunotoxicity mechanism for most environmental pollutants. In the present study we evaluated the toxicity after co-exposure of BPA and Cd or Cr (III) in zebrafish embryos and larvae, and the oxidative stress pathway involved. Evaluation of lethal and developmental endpoints such as hatching, edema, malformations, abnormal heart rate and survival rate were evaluated after 96 h of exposure. Combination of BPA at 10 μM with Cd or Cr at 0.5 μM exposure induce malformations at 96 hpf in zebrafish larvae, as well as significantly increases oxidative stress and induce apoptosis on larvae. Our study suggested how environmental pollutant showed a synergistic effect at common not-effective doses, promoting decrease of antioxidant defense and contrasted fish development.

Indexed as

bisphenol AcadmiumchromiumDanio reriotoxicity

Identifiers

PMID34941778
PMCPMC8706782
OpenAlexW4200620625

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.