ArticleToxins2021
Effect of Botulinum Toxin Injection and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy on Nerve Regeneration in Rats with Experimentally Induced Sciatic Nerve Injury.
Article in Toxins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research advancement on the correlation between gut microbiota and chronic kidney disease.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Promotes Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Through ERK1/2-Mediated Autophagy.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Article
- Phase-Specific Evaluation of Sciatic Nerve Regeneration in Preclinical Studies: A Review of Functional Assessment, Emerging Therapies, and Translational Value.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Relationships of Pharmacological Strategies for Attenuating p-Cresyl Sulfate in Patients with Kidney Disease.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Postherpetic Neuralgia.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2025Article
- Comorbidities confound metabolomics studies of human disease.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Low-Intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Ameliorates Detrusor Hyperactivity with Impaired Contractility via Transient Potential Vanilloid Channels: A Rat Model for Ovarian Hormone Deficiency.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Emerging theory of sensitization in post-stroke muscle spasticity.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2023Review
- The effect of laser radiation on glial fibrillary acidic protein and allograft inflammatory factor-1 expression in severed and surgically repaired sciatic nerve.International journal of physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology · 2023Article
- Review
- ESWT Diminishes Axonal Regeneration following Repair of the Rat Median Nerve with Muscle-In-Vein Conduits but Not after Autologous Nerve Grafting.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Preclinical Evidence for the Role of Botulinum Neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) in the Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Injury.Microorganisms · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study was designed to compare the roles of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in promoting the functional recovery and regeneration of injured peripheral nerves. A total of 45 six-week-old rats with sciatic nerve injury were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups received a single session of intranerve BoNT/A or ESWT immediately after a nerve-crushing injury. The control group was not exposed to any treatment. Differentiation of Schwann cells and axonal sprouting were observed through immunofluorescence staining, ELISA, real-time PCR, and Western blot at 3, 6, and 10 weeks post-nerve injury. For clinical assessment, serial sciatic functional index analysis and electrophysiological studies were performed. A higher expression of GFAP and S100β was detected in injured nerves treated with BoNT/A or ESWT. The levels of GAP43, ATF3, and NF200 associated with axonal regeneration in the experimental groups were also significantly higher than in the control group. The motor functional improvement occurred after 7 weeks of clinical observation following BoNT/A and ESWT. Compared with the control group, the amplitude of the compound muscle action potential in the experimental groups was significantly higher from 6 to 10 weeks. Collectively, these findings indicate that BoNT/A and ESWT similarly induced the activation of Schwann cells with the axonal regeneration of and functional improvement in the injured nerve.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.