ArticleFamilies, systems & health : the journal of collaborative family healthcare2022
Associations of household structure and presence of children in the household with mental distress during the early stages of the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in Families, systems & health : the journal of collaborative family healthcare, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal drinking, stress and use of aggressive parenting over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2025Article
- Mental Health Trajectories of Latinx Female Caregivers and Young Children During COVID-19: A Longitudinal Analysis.Journal of child and family studies · 2023Article
- Are Cisgender Women and Transgender and Nonbinary People Drinking More During the COVID-19 Pandemic? It Depends.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2023Review
- Impact of COVID social distancing measures on eating and exercise behaviors among a sample of Hispanic parents of young children in the United States.Journal of public health research · 2022Article
- Addressing the critical need for long-term mental health data during the COVID-19 pandemic: Changes in mental health from April to September 2020.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe objectives of the current study were to (1) assess associations between household structure (i.e., living with spouse compared to living alone, with children, or with a spouse and children), presence of children, and mental distress in April 2020 and change in mental distress (between April and August 2020); and (2) determine whether these associations are moderated by income or sex.
participantsA total of 2,214 adults aged 25-55 from the April and August 2020 waves of the Understanding America study were included in the analytic sample. STUDY
methodMultivariable, survey-weighted linear regression models were used to examine associations between explanatory variables (i.e., household structure and number of children) and outcome variables (mental distress in April and change in mental distress), measured via the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-4.
resultsIn adjusted models, each additional child under the age of 12 was associated with lower mental distress in April 2020 (β = -.30,
conclusionThis study supports prior literature that demonstrates the positive association of child rearing with psychological well-being and suggests that these benefits may be present even under stay-at-home orders in the early stages of the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.