ReviewMetabolites2021
Which Role Plays 2-Hydroxybutyric Acid on Insulin Resistance?
Review in Metabolites, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Metabolomics profile in diabetes and blood glucose regulation: a systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Gut-associated metabolites and diabetes pathology: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Insights into the Serum Metabolic Adaptations in Response to Inspiratory Muscle Training: A Metabolomic Approach Based onInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Trial
- α-Hydroxybutyrate Association With Incident Type 2 Diabetes Over 10 Years Across Different Glycemic States.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Long-term metabolically unhealthy aging, its underlying molecular underpinnings, and association with cognitive impairment: a 12.4-year longitudinal cohort study.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Plasma metabolites after 10-weeks of glucose vs fructose-sweetened beverages in subjects with overweight/obesity.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Linking metabolism and metastasis: elevated α-hydroxybutyric acid in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with lymph node metastasis.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- Article
- NMR metabolomic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid from dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin demonstrates metabolic similarities to multiple sclerosis.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- Fasting Metabolite Panel for OGTT-Free Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Machine Learning Approach Validated in Dual Cohorts.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Amplified inflammatory and immune responses in viral-associated pulmonary aspergillosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Maternal serum and placental metabolomes in association with prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and their relevance to child neurodevelopment in an ASD-enriched cohort.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota diversity and metabolomics analysis of curcumin's alleviation of abdominal aortic aneurysm progression.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Article
- Distinct microbial and metabolic shifts characterize acute coronary syndrome and recovery.iMeta · 2025Article
- Insulin resistance as a potential driving force of parental obesity-induced adverse metabolic programming mechanisms in children with obesity.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Potential non-invasive biomarkers of chronic sleep disorders identified by salivary metabolomic profiling among middle-aged Japanese men.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Metabolomic profiling of serum alterations and biomarker discovery in feline hepatic liposis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Positive Regulatory Effect of DBT on Lipid Metabolism in Postpartum Dairy Cows.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Unveiling 14 novel 2-hydroxy acid racemization and epimerization reactions in the lactate racemase superfamily.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) is defined as a chronic condition caused by beta cell loss and/or dysfunction and insulin resistance (IR). The discovering of novel biomarkers capable of identifying T2D and other metabolic disorders associated with IR in a timely and accurate way is critical. In this review, 2-hydroxybutyric acid (2HB) is presented as that upheaval biomarker with an unexplored potential ahead. Due to the activation of other metabolic pathways during IR, 2HB is synthesized as a coproduct of protein metabolism, being the progression of IR intrinsically related to the increasing of 2HB levels. Hence, the focus of this review will be on the 2HB metabolite and its involvement in glucose homeostasis. A literature review was conducted, which comprised an examination of publications from different databases that had been published over the previous ten years. A total of 19 articles fulfilled the intended set of criteria. The use of 2HB as an early indicator of IR was separated into subjects based on the number of analytes examined simultaneously. In terms of the association between 2HB and IR, it has been established that increasing 2HB levels can predict the development of IR. Thus, 2HB has demonstrated considerable promise as a clinical monitoring molecule, not only as an IR biomarker, but also for disease follow-up throughout IR treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.