ReviewBiosensors2021
Ten Years Progress of Electrical Detection of Heavy Metal Ions (HMIs) Using Various Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Nanosensors: A Review.
Review in Biosensors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis of GaN HEMT Biosensor.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Materials challenges in solid-state sensors for continuous monitoring of ions in water.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2026Review
- Nanostructure-Engineered Optical and Electrochemical Biosensing Toward Food Safety Assurance.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sensing lead ions in water: a comprehensive review on strategies and sensor materials.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2024Review
- Fluorescence Properties of ZnOQDs-GO-g-CMicromachines · 2023Article
- Identification of Cadmium Compounds in a Solution Using Graphene-Based Sensor Array.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Status and Prospects of Heterojunction-Based HEMT for Next-Generation Biosensors.Micromachines · 2023Review
- Two-Dimensional Non-Carbon Materials-Based Electrochemical Printed Sensors: An Updated Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Sensors Based on the Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors for Chemical and Biological Analyses.Biosensors · 2022Review
- The Progress of Research into Flexible Sensors in the Field of Smart Wearables.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Field-Effect Transistor-Based Biosensors for Environmental and Agricultural Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution remains a major concern for the public today, in line with the growing population and global industrialization. Heavy metal ion (HMI) is a threat to human and environmental safety, even at low concentrations, thus rapid and continuous HMI monitoring is essential. Among the sensors available for HMI detection, the field-effect transistor (FET) sensor demonstrates promising potential for fast and real-time detection. The aim of this review is to provide a condensed overview of the contribution of certain semiconductor substrates in the development of chemical and biosensor FETs for HMI detection in the past decade. A brief introduction of the FET sensor along with its construction and configuration is presented in the first part of this review. Subsequently, the FET sensor deployment issue and FET intrinsic limitation screening effect are also discussed, and the solutions to overcome these shortcomings are summarized. Later, we summarize the strategies for HMIs' electrical detection, mechanisms, and sensing performance on nanomaterial semiconductor FET transducers, including silicon, carbon nanotubes, graphene, AlGaN/GaN, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD), black phosphorus, organic and inorganic semiconductor. Finally, concerns and suggestions regarding detection in the real samples using FET sensors are highlighted in the conclusion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.