ReviewDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Association and Risk Factors for Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review.
Review in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 200 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Surrogate, Intermediate, and Functional Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Investigating the effect of valsartan/sacubitril on sleep parameters of patients with sleep apnea: systematic review and meta-analysis.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Pooled it
- National Heart Center/Saudi Heart Association 2025 Guidelines for Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention and Risk Assessment.Saudi medical journal · 2026Guideline
- Association between obstructive sleep apnea severity and depression risk: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Pooled it
- Obstructive sleep apnea and right ventricular function: A meta-analysis of speckle tracking echocardiographic studies.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of Opioid-Free Versus Opioid Anesthesia on the Quality of Postoperative Recovery in Patients Receiving Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy.Obesity surgery · 2025Trial
- Effects of nocturnal intermittent hypoxia on metabolic syndrome in Japanese adults without abdominal obesity.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Article
- Questionnaire-Based Assessment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Risk During Pregnancy: Associations with Metabolic Parameters and Family History of Diabetes.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment on Retinal Vasculature in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A 7-Year Follow-Up.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Transparency in positive airway pressure therapy trials: an evaluation of reporting quality.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2026Article
- Obstructive sleep apnea in patients with acute myocardial infarction: one-year follow-up study.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Review
- Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated with a Higher 5-Year Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and CPAP Use in Older Adults: An Anchor-Based Network Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of bariatric surgery in improving sleep-related symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea in obese patients: a retrospective cohort study.BMC surgery · 2026Article
- Changes in Self-Reported Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Are Associated With 5-Year All-Cause Mortality Risk Among Veterans.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of Prediction Models for Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Based on Periodic Health Examinations.The clinical respiratory journal · 2026Article
- Incidence, Characteristics, and Management Pathways of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in England: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.CHEST pulmonary · 2026Article
- Sex differences in obstructive sleep apnea: a population-based study from northeastern Germany.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with pneumoconiosis: a cross-sectional study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious, potentially life-threatening condition. Epidemiologic studies show that sleep apnea increases cardiovascular diseases risk factors including hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. OSA is also responsible for serious illnesses such as congestive heart failure, stroke, arrhythmias, and bronchial asthma. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate evidence for the association between OSA and cardiovascular disease morbidities and identify risk factors for the conditions. In a review of 34 studies conducted in 28 countries with a sample of 37,599 people, several comorbidities were identified in patients with severe OSA-these were: heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, asthma, COPD, acute heart failure, chronic heart failure, hyperlipidemia, thyroid disease, cerebral infarct or embolism, myocardial infarction, and psychological comorbidities including stress and depression. Important risk factors contributing to OSA included: age > 35 years; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.