ReviewAntibodies (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Central Nervous System Delivery of Antibodies and Their Single-Domain Antibodies and Variable Fragment Derivatives with Focus on Intranasal Nose to Brain Administration.
Review in Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Pharmaceutical Strategies for West Nile Virus in Europe, an Underrecognized Cause of Severe Disease and Mortality in Older Adults: From Supportive Care to Antiviral Development.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The case for targeting latent and lytic Epstein-Barr virus infection in multiple sclerosis.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Review
- Article
- Antibody numbering schemes: advances, comparisons and tools for antibody engineering.Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS · 2025Review
- Transnasal drug delivery to the brain: circumventing barriers for brain tumor patients.American journal of translational research · 2025Review
- VNAR: shark single-domain antibodies for the new era of medical biotechnology.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Potent neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies protect from Rift Valley fever encephalitis.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Article
- Molecular dynamics simulation of the brain-isolated single-domain antibody/nanobody from camels throughFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Article
- Nanobodies: Robust miniprotein binders in biomedicine.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2023Review
- Development of In Vitro Evaluation System for Assessing Drug Dissolution Considering Physiological Environment in Nasal Cavity.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Alternative Routes of Administration for Therapeutic Antibodies-State of the Art.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Camelid Single-Domain Antibodies: Promises and Challenges as Lifesaving Treatments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Applications of nanobodies in brain diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
IgG antibodies are some of the most important biopharmaceutical molecules with a high market volume. In spite of the fact that clinical therapies with antibodies are broadly utilized in oncology, immunology and hematology, their delivery strategies and biodistribution need improvement, their limitations being due to their size and poor ability to penetrate into tissues. In view of their small size, there is a rising interest in derivatives, such as single-domain antibodies and single-chain variable fragments, for clinical diagnostic but also therapeutic applications. Smaller antibody formats combine several benefits for clinical applications and can be manufactured at reduced production costs compared with full-length IgGs. Moreover, such formats have a relevant potential for targeted drug delivery that directs drug cargo to a specific tissue or across the blood-brain barrier. In this review, we give an overview of the challenges for antibody drug delivery in general and focus on intranasal delivery to the central nervous system with antibody formats of different sizes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.