Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34939355›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2022

A General Protein Unfolding-Chemical Coupling Strategy for Pure Protein Hydrogels with Mechanically Strong and Multifunctional Properties.

Ziqing Tang, Huacheng He, Lin Zhu, Zhuangzhuang Liu, Jia Yang, Gang Qin, Jiang Wu, Yijing Tang, Dong Zhang, Qiang Chen and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Engineering Silk Fibroin-Based Biomaterials for Neural Repair.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Review
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  4. HGels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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  13. Metal-Driven Autoantifriction Function of Artificial Hip Joint.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Tuning Strain Stiffening of Protein Hydrogels by Charge Modification.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Ziqing TangWenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, China.
Huacheng HeCollege of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
Lin ZhuOujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
Zhuangzhuang LiuSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China.
Jia YangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China.
Gang QinSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China.
Jiang WuSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
Yijing TangDepartment of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
Dong ZhangDepartment of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
Qiang ChenWenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8592-9518
Jie ZhengDepartment of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1547-3612
Henan Polytechnic University · CNUniversity of Akron · USWenzhou Medical University · CNUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences · CNWenzhou University · CNZhejiang Lab · CN

Funding

Excellent Youth Fund Project of Henan Natural Science Foundation 202300410166Major Project of WIUCAS NSF-1825122Major Project of WIUCAS WIUCASQD2021004Wenzhou Key Lab 2021HZSY0069
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Protein-based hydrogels have attracted great attention due to their excellent biocompatible properties, but often suffer from weak mechanical strength. Conventional strengthening strategies for protein-based hydrogels are to introduce nanoparticles or synthetic polymers for improving their mechanical strength, but often compromise their biocompatibility. Here, a new, general, protein unfolding-chemical coupling (PNC) strategy is developed to fabricate pure protein hydrogels without any additives to achieve both high mechanical strength and excellent cell biocompatibility. This PNC strategy combines thermal-induced protein unfolding/gelation to form a physically-crosslinked network and a -NH2/-COOH coupling reaction to generate a chemicallycrosslinked network. Using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a globular protein, PNC-BSA hydrogels show macroscopic transparency, high stability, high mechanical properties (compressive/tensile strength of 115/0.43 MPa), fast stiffness/toughness recovery of 85%/91% at room temperature, good fatigue resistance, and low cell cytotoxicity and red blood cell hemolysis. More importantly, the PNC strategy can be not only generally applied to silk fibroin, ovalbumin, and milk albumin protein to form different, high strength protein hydrogels, but also modified with PEDOT/PSS nanoparticles as strain sensors and fluorescent fillers as color sensors. This work demonstrates a new, universal, PNC method to prepare high strength, multi-functional, pure protein hydrogels beyond a few available today.

Indexed as

FibroinsHydrogelsPolymersProtein UnfoldingSerum Albumin, BovineFibroinsHydrogelsPolymersSerum Albumin, Bovinehydrogel sensorsmechanical strengthprotein hydrogelsprotein unfolding

Identifiers

PMID34939355
PMCPMC8844490
OpenAlexW4200318567

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.