Trial reportCancer medicine2022
A clinical trial to compare a 3D-printed bolus with a conventional bolus with the aim of reducing cardiopulmonary exposure in postmastectomy patients with volumetric modulated arc therapy.
Trial report in Cancer medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contemporary management of treatment-related dermatologic toxicities in gynecologic cancers: a systematic review based on evidence from 2021 to 2025.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Bolus Use in Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Literature Review.Technology in cancer research & treatmentPooled it
- A clinical trial to compare a 3D-printed bolus with a conventional bolus with the aim of reducing cardiopulmonary exposure in postmastectomy patients with volumetric modulated arc therapy.Cancer medicine · 2022Trial
- Decoding triple negative breast cancer bone metastasis: from 3D bioprinted models to clinical translation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- 3D-Printed Bolus-Assisted Radiotherapy for Converting Unresectable Breast Cancer with a Breast Prosthesis into a Resectable Condition: A Case Report.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Encapsulated configuration of a flexible transparent adhesive bolus to improve surface conformity and skin safety in post-mastectomy radiation therapy.Radiological physics and technology · 2026Article
- Worldwide research on 3D printing for cancer: a dual-method analysis of bibliometrics and stratified focused thematic.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Review
- Clinical application of 3D-printed bolus in postmastectomy radiotherapy.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2025Article
- Three-Dimensional Printing in Breast Radiation Therapy: A Scoping Review of the Literature.Journal of medical radiation sciences · 2025Article
- The dosimetric value and safety evaluation of 3D printed bolus in adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy after radical mastectomy for breast cancer: a prospective cohort study.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Post-mastectomy radiotherapy: Impact of bolus thickness and irradiation technique on skin dose.Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik · 2024Article
- Additive manufacturing of patient specific bolus for radiotherapy: large scale production and quality assurance.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2024Article
- Recent Methods for Modifying Mechanical Properties of Tissue-Engineered Scaffolds for Clinical Applications.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Individualized 3D-printed bolus promotes precise postmastectomy radiotherapy in patients receiving breast reconstruction.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe compared the dosimetry, application, and acute toxicity of a 3D-printed and a conventional bolus for postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Materials and Methods Eligible patients (n = 75) with PMRT breast cancer were randomly selected to receive VMAT with a conventional bolus or a 3D-printed bolus. The primary endpoint was a 10% decrease in the mean heart dose to left-sided breast cancer patients. The secondary endpoint was a 5% decrease in the mean ipsilateral lung dose to all patients. A comparative analysis was carried out of the dosimetry, normal tissue complication probability (NTCP), acute skin toxicity, and radiation pneumonitis.
resultsCompared to a conventional bolus, the mean heart dose in left-sided breast cancer was reduced by an average of 0.8 Gy (5.5 ± 1.3 Gy vs. 4.7 ± 0.8 Gy, p = 0.035) and the mean dose to the ipsilateral lung was also reduced by an average of 0.8 Gy (12.4 ± 1.0 Gy vs. 11.6 ± 0.8 Gy, p < 0.001). The values for V
conclusionsThe 3D-printed bolus may reduce cardiopulmonary exposure in postmastectomy patients with volumetric modulated arc therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.