ArticleIBRO neuroscience reports2021
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the management of calf muscle spasticity in cerebral palsy: A pilot study.
Article in IBRO neuroscience reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sensory-level electrical stimulation in children with cerebral palsy: a scoping review of current applications and outcomes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Functional Recovery and Regenerative Effects of Direct Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Treatment of Post-COVID-19 Guillain-Barré and Acute Transverse Myelitis Overlap Syndrome: A Clinical Case.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study sets out to evaluate the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the management of calf muscle spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. The study follows a one group pre-test-post-test design involving fifteen children with spastic cerebral palsy, presenting with calf muscle spasticity. Spasticity was assessed before and after a 30 min application of TENS to the bilateral calf muscles. The H-reflex (electromyography) of the calf muscles and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) served as a measure of spasticity. A goniometer was used to measure the range of motion (ROM) angles for ankle dorsiflexion. We report here no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the left and right H-reflex responses, MAS scores, and ROM scores recorded at baseline (pre-test). Correlation analysis show no correlation (p > 0.05) between the pre-test HA Max (maximum H-reflex amplitude)/MA Max (maximum M-Wave Amplitude) ratio and MAS scores of both the left and right calf muscles. However, TENS significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the HA of the left calf muscle and MAS scores of the left and right calf muscles. Additionally, TENS significantly increased the ROM scores of the left and right calf muscles. Our findings lend support to existing evidence that TENS is effective in reducing spasticity. The potential mechanism underlying this effect is a reduction in neuron excitability.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.