ArticleCureus2021
Pakistan Ranks Third Globally With the Most Unvaccinated Children: Is the Impact of Parental Perception and Attitude on Immunization an Essential Contributing Factor to an Unsuccessful Vaccination Coverage?
Article in Cureus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Missed Opportunities for Childhood Immunization in Pakistan: Failure to Vaccinate Despite Health System Contact.Gates open research · 2026Article
- Parental and step-parental attitudes toward childhood vaccination in Kaduna State of Nigeria: a health belief model approach.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of parental refusal rates for routine immunisation: a cross-sectional study in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan-2024.BMC public health · 2025Article
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- Exploring the reasons for defaulting from childhood immunization: a qualitative study in Pakistan.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Parents' or legal guardians' beliefs and attitudes about childhood vaccination: a scoping review.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2024Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of vaccinators about expanded programs on immunization: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Vaccine hesitancy within the Muslim community: Islamic faith and public health perspectives.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Review
- The rising cases of diphtheria in Pakistan: A new epidemic boiling?Journal of global health · 2023Article
- The rise of diarrheal illnesses in the children of Pakistan amidst COVID-19: A narrative review.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Cultural Factors in Disaster Response Among Diverse Children and Youth Around the World.Current psychiatry reports · 2022Review
- Infant & Child Mortality in Pakistan and its Determinants: A Review.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingReview
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2 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction Having the third-highest burden of child mortality and ranking third globally for the most under-vaccinated children, Pakistan contains 15% of its population under the age of five, which accounts for 50% of the mortality rate in this country. Every year, almost three million children miss out on an entire course of the most readily available vaccines, leaving them vulnerable to life-threatening diseases. The Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) was launched in 1978 to protect children from vaccine-preventable childhood diseases. It is the main program through which routine immunization is provided to the public. However, since its inception within Pakistan, it has encountered many problems, including a lack of parental awareness and education. Low literacy rate, socio-economic disparities, cultural and religious beliefs have made parents doubtful about vaccinations. This term is known as vaccine hesitancy. Belief in conspiracy theories has also led to reduced vaccination coverage in Pakistan. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 parents with children under five, chosen from Karachi, Pakistan, through a convenience sampling technique. The data was collected via 300 self-administered or researcher administered questionnaires. Associations were evaluated using the chi-square test with the level of significance taken as
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