Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34938595›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of MCH and AIDS2021

A Review and Analysis of Outcomes from Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Infant Follow-up Services at a Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit of a Major Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: 2007-2020.

Ebelechuku F Ugochukwu, Chinyere U Onubogu, Emeka S Edokwe, Uchenna Ekwochi, Kenneth N Okeke, Esther N Umeadi, Stanley K Onah

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of MCH and AIDS, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 55% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ebelechuku F UgochukwuDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Chinyere U OnuboguDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Emeka S EdokweDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Uchenna EkwochiDepartment of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria.
Kenneth N OkekeDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Esther N UmeadiDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Stanley K OnahDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Nnamdi Azikiwe University · NGEnugu State University of Science and Technology · NG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveAbove 90% of childhood HIV infections result from mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). This study examined the MTCT rates of HIV-exposed infants enrolled in the infant follow-up arm of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program in a teaching hospital in Southeast Nigeria.

methodsThis was a 14-year review of outcomes of infants enrolled in the infant follow-up arm of the PMTCT program of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi, Nigeria. The majority of subjects were enrolled within 72 hours of birth and were followed up until 18 months of age according to the National Guidelines on HIV prevention and treatment. At enrollment, relevant data were collected prospectively, and each scheduled follow-up visit was recorded both electronically and in physical copy in the client's folders. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The major outcome variable was final MTCT status.

resultsOut of 3,784 mother-infant dyads studied 3,049 (80.6%) received both maternal and infant Antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis while 447 (11.8%) received none. The MTCT rates were 1.4%, 9.3%, 24.1%, and 52.1% for both mother and infant, mother only, infant only, and none received ARV prophylaxis respectively. There was no gender-based difference in outcomes. The MTCT rate was significantly higher among mixed-fed infants (p<0.001) and among those who did not receive any form of ARVs (p<0.001). Among dyads who received no ARVs, breastfed infants significantly had a higher MTCT rate compared to never-breastfed infants (57.9% vs. 34.8%; p<0.001). The MTCT rate was comparable among breastfed (2.5%) and never-breastfed (2.1%) dyads who had received ARVs. After logistic regression, maternal (p<0.001, OR: 7.00) and infant (p<0.001, OR: 4.00) ARV prophylaxis for PMTCT remained significantly associated with being HIV-negative. CONCLUSION AND GLOBAL HEALTH IMPLICATIONS: Appropriate use of ARVs and avoidance of mixed feeding in the first six months of life are vital to the success of PMTCT programs in developing countries. PMTCT promotes exclusive breastfeeding and reduces the burden of pediatric HIV infection, thereby enhancing child survival.

Indexed as

Antiretroviral ProphylaxisEarly Infant DiagnosisExclusive BreastfeedingHIV-Exposed InfantsMixed FeedingMother-Infant PairsNigeriaPMTCT Outcome

Identifiers

PMID34938595
PMCPMC8679595
OpenAlexW4200399632

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.