Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34937870›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2022

Novel open reading frames in human accelerated regions and transposable elements reveal new leads to understand schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Chaitanya Erady, Krishna Amin, Temiloluwa O A E Onilogbo, Jakub Tomasik, Rebekah Jukes-Jones, Yagnesh Umrania, Sabine Bahn, Sudhakaran Prabakaran

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  12. The evolutionary origin of psychosis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Chaitanya Erady *Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK.
Krishna Amin *Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3726-9535
Temiloluwa O A E OnilogboDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK.
Jakub TomasikDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2127-4487
Rebekah Jukes-JonesLeicester Cancer Research Centre, RKCSB, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
Yagnesh UmraniaCambridge Centre for Proteomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK.
Sabine BahnDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Sudhakaran PrabakaranNonExomics, Inc, 2 Simon Willard Road, Acton, MA, 01720, US. sudhakaran.prabakaran@nonexomics.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6527-1085
University of Cambridge · GBTheranostics (New Zealand) · NZUniversity of Leicester · GB

Funding

WORK ORDER 126643 B539 EXPAND IC SUITE75N91019D00024 · NIAID · LEIDOS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH, INC. · PI BRISCOE, LYNN · 2019 to 2025
$3932.6M
NCI NIH HHS 75N91019D00024NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201400008CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201500003CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201500003I
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder are debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders arising from a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Novel open reading frames (nORFs) are genomic loci that give rise to previously uncharacterized transcripts and protein products. In our previous work, we have shown that nORFs can be biologically regulated and that they may play a role in cancer and rare diseases. More importantly, we have shown that nORFs may emerge in accelerated regions of the genome giving rise to species-specific functions. We hypothesize that nORFs represent a potentially important group of biological factors that may contribute to SCZ and bipolar disorder pathophysiology. Human accelerated regions (HARs) are genomic features showing human-lineage-specific rapid evolution that may be involved in biological regulation and have additionally been found to associate with SCZ genes. Transposable elements (TEs) are another set of genomic features that have been shown to regulate gene expression. As with HARs, their relevance to SCZ has also been suggested. Here, nORFs are investigated in the context of HARs and TEs. This work shows that nORFs whose expression is disrupted in SCZ and bipolar disorder are in close proximity to HARs and TEs and that some of them are significantly associated with SCZ and bipolar disorder genomic hotspots. We also show that nORF encoded proteins can form structures and potentially constitute novel drug targets.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderSchizophreniaDNA Transposable ElementsGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansOpen Reading FramesDNA Transposable Elements

Identifiers

PMID34937870
PMCPMC9095477
OpenAlexW4200040712

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.