ArticleBMJ global health2021
Who funded the research behind the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine?
Article in BMJ global health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Overcoming barriers to NHS adoption of innovative IPC products: A qualitative study of SMEs in the Liverpool city region.PloS one · 2025Article
- Special FDA designations for drug development: orphan, fast track, accelerated approval, priority review, and breakthrough therapy.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2024Review
- Which roads lead to access? A global landscape of six COVID-19 vaccine innovation models.Globalization and health · 2024Article
- Contrasting academic approaches to COVID-19 vaccine production and distribution: What can the Oxford and Texas experiences teach us about pandemic response?Health affairs scholar · 2024Article
- How can COVID-19 vaccines benefit people? A study based on the theory of the commons.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- COVID-19 vaccine apartheid and the failure of global cooperation.British journal of politics & international relations · 2023Article
- Discrepancies among Scopus and Web of Science, coverage of funding information in medical journal articles: a follow-up study.Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA · 2023Article
- Article
- Towards a new model of global health justice: the case of COVID-19 vaccines.Journal of medical ethics · 2023Article
- A patent-based analysis of the evolution of basic, mission-oriented, and applied research in European universities.The Journal of technology transfer · 2023Article
- Shedding Lights on the Extracellular Vesicles as Functional Mediator and Therapeutic Decoy for COVID-19.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics · 2023Review
- Scarcity, Property Rights, Irresponsibility: How Intellectual Property Deals with Neglected Tropical Diseases.Law and critique · 2023Article
- Biopharmaceutical Financialization and Public Funding of Medical Countermeasures (MCMs) in Canada During the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of health policy and management · 2023Article
- Unveiling patenting strategies of therapeutics and vaccines: evergreening in the context of COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Lessons for the HIV response from structural innovations catalysed by COVID-19.BMJ global health · 2022Article
- Counting the cost of public and philanthropic R&D funding: the case of olaparib.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2022Article
- Wars and sweets: microbes, medicines and other moderns in and beyond the(ir) antibiotic era.Medical humanities · 2022Article
- Financing COVID-19 vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa: lessons from a nation-wide willingness to pay (WTP) survey in Ghana.BMC public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Vaxzevira or Covishield) builds on two decades of research and development (R&D) into chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine (ChAdOx) technology at the University of Oxford. This study aimed to approximate the funding for the R&D of ChAdOx and the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine and to assess the transparency of funding reporting mechanisms.
methodsWe conducted a scoping review and publication history analysis of the principal investigators to reconstruct R&D funding the ChAdOx technology. We matched award numbers with publicly accessible grant databases. We filed freedom of information (FOI) requests to the University of Oxford for the disclosure of all grants for ChAdOx R&D.
resultsWe identified 100 peer-reviewed articles relevant to ChAdOx technology published between January 2002 and October 2020, extracting 577 mentions of funding bodies from acknowledgements. Government funders from overseas (including the European Union) were mentioned 158 times (27.4%), the UK government 147 (25.5%) and charitable funders 138 (23.9%). Grant award numbers were identified for 215 (37.3%) mentions; amounts were publicly available for 121 (21.0%). Based on the FOIs, until December 2019, the biggest funders of ChAdOx R&D were the European Commission (34.0%), Wellcome Trust (20.4%) and Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (17.5%). Since January 2020, the UK government contributed 95.5% of funding identified. The total identified R&D funding was £104 226 076 reported in the FOIs and £228 466 771 reconstructed from the literature search.
conclusionOur study approximates that public and charitable financing accounted for 97%-99% of identifiable funding for the ChAdOx vaccine technology research at the University of Oxford underlying the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine until autumn 2020. We encountered a lack of transparency in research funding reporting.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.