ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022
SARS-CoV-2 spreads through cell-to-cell transmission.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 151 papers.
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Who cites it
151 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
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- Multimodal data integration to determine viral and innate immune kinetics in human airway epithelium.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Uptake of Nanoparticles as a Model System for Viruses under the Presence of Chloroquine.ACS nanoscience Au · 2026Article
- Evasion of humoral immune responses by a key mutational region of the S2 subunit in PEDV variants.mBio · 2026Article
- CD4 T-cell platform for delivering interferons as an antiviral countermeasure with a focus on SARS-CoV-2.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Spike destabilization attenuates Mink Cluster 5 SARS-CoV-2.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Adipose Tissue in SARS-CoV-2 Viral Tropism, Viral Replication, and the Concept of a Viral Reservoir: An Update.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Review
- Spatial multiomics dissects the SARS-CoV-2-induced disruption of cell adhesion and immune dynamics in the human hippocampus.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Evolution and viral properties of the SARS-CoV-2 BA.3.2 subvariant.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- Convergent hub pathways targeted by IAV, SARS-CoV-2, and RSV in type II alveolar epithelial cells: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A perfect storm: the immunological and pathophysiological landscape of pediatric post-COVID-19 condition.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Spatially structured models of viral dynamics: a scoping review.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Article
- Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus VW572 (not Gent/PS412 and Labadie) uses the CD81 receptor and MVB-derived exosomal pathway for efficient entry and spread in neuronal cells.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- From zoonotic spillover to endemicity: the broad determinants of human coronavirus tropism.mBio · 2025Review
- Antiviral nanomedicine: Advantages, mechanisms and advanced therapies.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Direct Intercellular Transport Mode of Filovirus Nucleocapsids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Chikungunya virus and other emerging arthritogenic alphaviruses.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- MERS-related coronavirus circulating in pangolins exhibits strong fusogenicity in human cells and high sensitivity to fusion inhibitors.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
91 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible coronavirus responsible for the global COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we provide evidence that SARS-CoV-2 spreads through cell-cell contact in cultures, mediated by the spike glycoprotein. SARS-CoV-2 spike is more efficient in facilitating cell-to-cell transmission than is SARS-CoV spike, which reflects, in part, their differential cell-cell fusion activity. Interestingly, treatment of cocultured cells with endosomal entry inhibitors impairs cell-to-cell transmission, implicating endosomal membrane fusion as an underlying mechanism. Compared with cell-free infection, cell-to-cell transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is refractory to inhibition by neutralizing antibody or convalescent sera of COVID-19 patients. While angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 enhances cell-to-cell transmission, we find that it is not absolutely required. Notably, despite differences in cell-free infectivity, the authentic variants of concern (VOCs) B.1.1.7 (alpha) and B.1.351 (beta) have similar cell-to-cell transmission capability. Moreover, B.1.351 is more resistant to neutralization by vaccinee sera in cell-free infection, whereas B.1.1.7 is more resistant to inhibition by vaccinee sera in cell-to-cell transmission. Overall, our study reveals critical features of SARS-CoV-2 spike-mediated cell-to-cell transmission, with important implications for a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 spread and pathogenesis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.