Trial reportNeurorehabilitation and neural repair2022
Reward During Arm Training Improves Impairment and Activity After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02257125 (ArmeoSenso - Rewarding vs. Non-rewarding Therapy of Patients With Arm Impairments Based on Wearable Movement Sensors), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ArmeoSenso - Rewarding vs. Non-rewarding Therapy of Patients With Arm Impairments Based on Wearable Movement Sensors
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Upper limb robotic rehabilitation following stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating efficacy and the influence of device features and program parameters.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- Robot-assisted integrated cognitive-motor rehabilitation in patients with chronic stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Trial
- Non-invasive stimulation of the human striatum disrupts reinforcement learning of motor skills.Nature human behaviour · 2024Trial
- Virtual Reality-Assisted Rehabilitation for Upper-Limb Function in Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Resting-State Activity and Connectivity of Dopaminergic Key Areas and Outcome After a Severe Stroke.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Rehabilitation technology in assessment and treatment of arm and hand function in myotonic dystrophy type 1: A single subject experimental design study.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Relearning Upper Limb Proprioception After Stroke Through Robotic Therapy: A Feasibility Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Reward signals in the motor cortex: from biology to neurotechnology.Nature communications · 2025Review
- The Use of Extrinsic Performance Feedback and Reward to Enhance Upper Limb Motor Behavior and Recovery Post-Stroke: A Scoping Review.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2025Article
- The affective response to positive performance feedback is associated with motor learning.Experimental brain research · 2024Article
- Article
- Requirements for home-based upper extremity rehabilitation using wearable motion sensors for stroke patients: a user-centred approach.Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology · 2024Article
- Behavior Change Approaches in Digital Technology-Based Physical Rehabilitation Interventions Following Stroke: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Neurorehabilitation including Virtual-Reality-Based Balance Therapy: Factors Associated with Training Response.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Dopaminergic mesolimbic structural reserve is positively linked to better outcome after severe stroke.Brain communications · 2024Article
- The association between dexterity and upper limb impairment during stroke recovery.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Improving rehabilitation motivation and motor learning ability of stroke patients using different reward strategies: study protocol for a single-center, randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Endogenous dopamine transmission is crucial for motor skill recovery after stroke.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLearning and learning-related neuroplasticity in motor cortex are potential mechanisms mediating recovery of movement abilities after stroke. These mechanisms depend on dopaminergic projections from midbrain that may encode reward information. Likewise, therapist experience confirms the role of feedback/reward for training efficacy after stroke.
objectiveTo test the hypothesis that rehabilitative training can be enhanced by adding performance feedback and monetary rewards.
methodsThis multicentric, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial used the ArmeoSenso virtual reality rehabilitation system to train 37 first-ever subacute stroke patients in arm-reaching to moving targets. The rewarded group (n = 19) trained with performance feedback (gameplay) and contingent monetary reward. The control group (n = 18) used the same system without monetary reward and with graphically minimized performance feedback. Primary outcome was the change in the two-dimensional reaching space until the end of the intervention period. Secondary clinical assessments were performed at baseline, after 3 weeks of training (15 1-hour sessions), and at 3 month follow-up. Duration and intensity of the interventions as well as concomitant therapy were comparable between groups.
resultsThe two-dimensional reaching space showed an overall improvement but no difference between groups. The rewarded group, however, showed significantly greater improvements from baseline in secondary outcomes assessing arm activity (Box and Block Test at post-training: 6.03±2.95,
conclusionsAlthough neutral in its primary outcome, the trial signals a potential facilitating effect of reward on training-mediated improvement of arm paresis.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT02257125).
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.