ArticleIndian journal of ophthalmology2022
Impact of online classes and home confinement on myopia progression in children during COVID-19 pandemic: Digital eye strain among kids (DESK) study 4.
Article in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Digital Screen Time and Myopia: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of myopia progression among Chinese schoolchildren before and during COVID-19 pandemic: a meta-analysis.International ophthalmology · 2023Pooled it
- Paediatric myopia shift during the COVID-19 pandemic home quarantine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ paediatrics open · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of remote learning during the COVID-19 lockdown on children's visual health: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2022Pooled it
- Long-term Impact of COVID-19-Related Behavioral Changes on Myopia Progression in Children: A Four-Year Cohort Study.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2026Article
- Review
- A quasi-experimental design study on myopia preventive intervention based on the MMHEM health promotion model.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Parent engagement in children's eye care behavior and vision-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The prevalence and demographic profile of myopia among school children in Beirut City, Lebanon.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Increasing myopia in Scotland at age of 3.5-5.5 years: A retrospective epidemiological study.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence of dry eye disease symptoms, associated factors and impact on quality of life among medical students during the pandemic.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Myopia progression in children and adolescents: impact of COVID-19 pandemic and current and future control strategies.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2023Article
- Orthokeratology compliance, digital device use, and myopia control among children with myopia during COVID-19 home confinement in Taiwan.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Impact of Covid-19 on Pediatric Ophthalmology Care: Lessons Learned.Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics · 2023Review
- Understanding Posterior Staphyloma in Pathologic Myopia: Current Overview, New Input, and Perspectives.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Review
- Effect of atropine 0.01% on myopia control in children aged 6-13 years during the 2022 lockdown in Shanghai.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Myopia in elementary school students in Eastern China during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study was performed to compare the rate of progression of myopia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess the risk factors of hastened progression.
methodsAll children with myopia of spherical equivalence ≤ -0.5 D with at least two prior documented refractions 6 months and 1 year before were included. The annual progression rate before COVID-19 and during COVID-19 was calculated. Annual myopia progression was categorized as no progression (0), slow progression (<1 D), and fast progression (≥1 D).
resultsA total of 133 children (266 eyes) aged 6-18 years were included in the study. Mean annual myopia progression was found to be statistically significant during COVID-19 as compared with pre-COVID-19 (0.90 vs 0.25 D, P < 0.00001). A total of 45.9% of children showed an annual progression of ≥1 D during the pandemic as compared with 10.5% before the COVID-19 (p < 0.00001). In multivariate analysis, history of rapid progression in pre-COVID-19 era (P = 0.002) and sun exposure <1 h/day (P < 0.00001) were found to be independent risk factors for rapid myopia progression.
conclusionParents should consider risk of rapid myopia progression in children during current pandemic and children should be provided with socially distant outdoor activities to increase their sun exposure and diminish the rate of myopia progression.
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