Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34935900›Full record

ArticleBJS open2021

Serum carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 as preoperative diagnostic biomarkers of extrahepatic bile duct cancer.

Hyeong Seok Kim, Youngmin Han, Jae Seung Kang, Yoon Hyung Kang, Mirang Lee, Hee Ju Sohn, Hongbeom Kim, Wooil Kwon, Jin-Young Jang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BJS open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Hyeong Seok KimDepartment of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-1595-0135
Youngmin HanDepartment of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Jae Seung KangDepartment of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Yoon Hyung KangDepartment of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Mirang LeeDepartment of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Hee Ju SohnDepartment of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-9339-930X
Hongbeom KimDepartment of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-4711-3603
Wooil KwonDepartment of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-4827-7805
Jin-Young JangDepartment of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-3312-0503
Seoul National University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSerum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 have been proposed as useful preoperative biomarkers of extrahepatic bile duct cancer (EBDC). This study investigated the accuracy of CEA and CA19-9 for preoperative diagnosis of EBDC.

methodsPatients who underwent surgery for EBDC at a tertiary centre between 1995 and 2018 were studied, and those with concurrent hepatobiliary diseases (including gallbladder cancer, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of pancreas), which could affect CEA or CA19-9 levels, were excluded. The control group included patients who underwent cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder diseases during the same period. Diagnostic accuracy was determined using sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

resultsAfter excluding 23 patients, 687 patients (488 men and 199 women, mean age 65.8 years) were compared with the control group of 2310 patients. Median CEA and CA19-9 levels were 1.8 μg/l and 47.0 kU/l in patients with EBDC. CEA (cut-off 5.0 μg/l) showed AUC of 0.541, sensitivity 9.0 per cent and specificity 99.2 per cent, whereas CA19-9 (cut-off 37.0 kU/l) showed AUC of 0.753, sensitivity 56.2 per cent and specificity 94.5 per cent. Sensitivity of CA19-9 was lower in early (T stages 0-II) than advanced (T stages III and IV) cancer (47.0 versus 64.9 per cent), and also lower in N0 stage cancer than lymph node metastasis (50.1 versus 68.8 per cent).

conclusionSerum CEA and CA19-9 showed low sensitivity limiting their usefulness as diagnostic biomarkers of EBDC.

Indexed as

Bile Ducts, ExtrahepaticNeoplasmsAgedBiomarkers, TumorCA-19-9 AntigenCarcinoembryonic AntigenFemaleHumansMaleBiomarkers, TumorCA-19-9 AntigenCarcinoembryonic Antigen

Identifiers

PMID34935900
PMCPMC8693162
OpenAlexW4200102569

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.