ArticleJCI insight2021
Single-cell profiling of T and B cell repertoires following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine.
Article in JCI insight, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal analysis of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 recombinant vaccine S-268019-b in phase 1/2 prime-boost study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Human primary antibody response to vaccination follows a partially sequential class-switching program with a checkpoint at IGHG2.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Systemic immune profiling of heterologous versus homologous boosting of COVID-19 vaccination.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination Induces Reduced T-Cell Apoptosis in Patients with Solid Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections broaden the repertoire of Spike-reactive CD4 T cells.mBio · 2026Article
- Cross-Priming and Cross-Tolerance After Intramuscular mRNA Vaccination for Viral Infections: Feasibility and Implications.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Severity-specific immune landscape of COVID-19 revealed by single-cell sequencing.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Analysis of Hyperexpanded T Cell Clones in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Associated Liver Injury by Spatial Proteomics and Transcriptomics.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Expression and Site-Specific Biotinylation of Human Cytosolic 5'-Nucleotidase 1A inMethods and protocols · 2025Article
- Deciphering Autoimmune Diseases: Unveiling the Diagnostic, Therapeutic, and Prognostic Potential of Immune Repertoire Sequencing.Inflammation · 2025Review
- Longitudinal single cell profiling of epitope specific memory CD4+ T cell responses to recombinant zoster vaccine.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Significance and challenges of immunopharmacogenomics.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Distinct Omicron longitudinal memory T cell profile and T cell receptor repertoire associated with COVID-19 hospitalisation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Development of KSHV vaccine platforms and chimeric MHV68-K-K8.1 glycoprotein for evaluating themBio · 2024Article
- Maintenance and functional regulation of immune memory to COVID-19 vaccines in tissues.Immunity · 2024Article
- The characteristics of TCR CDR3 repertoire in COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients.Virulence · 2024Review
- Application of Single Cell Methods in Immunometabolism and Immunotoxicology.Current opinion in toxicology · 2024Article
- A novel mRNA multi-epitope vaccine of Acinetobacter baumannii based on multi-target protein design in immunoinformatic approach.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have shown exceptional clinical efficacy, providing robust protection against severe disease. However, our understanding of transcriptional and repertoire changes following full vaccination remains incomplete. We used scRNA-Seq and functional assays to compare humoral and cellular responses to 2 doses of mRNA vaccine with responses observed in convalescent individuals with asymptomatic disease. Our analyses revealed enrichment of spike-specific B cells, activated CD4+ T cells, and robust antigen-specific polyfunctional CD4+ T cell responses following vaccination. On the other hand, although clonally expanded CD8+ T cells were observed following both vaccination and natural infection, CD8+ T cell responses were relatively weak and variable. In addition, TCR gene usage was variable, reflecting the diversity of repertoires and MHC polymorphism in the human population. Natural infection induced expansion of CD8+ T cell clones that occupy distinct clusters compared to those induced by vaccination and likely recognize a broader set of viral antigens of viral epitopes presented by the virus not seen in the mRNA vaccine. Our study highlights a coordinated adaptive immune response in which early CD4+ T cell responses facilitate the development of the B cell response and substantial expansion of effector CD8+ T cells, together capable of contributing to future recall responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.