Trial reportThe journal of spinal cord medicine2023
Effectiveness of immersive virtual reality training to improve sitting balance control among individuals with acute and sub-acute paraplegia: A randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in The journal of spinal cord medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Combined Use of Non-Invasive Neurostimulation with Interactive Digital Technologies in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2026Article
- Physical Therapy for Traumatic and Non-Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries in Adults: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Extended Reality in Rehabilitation Medicine: A Systematic Review.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Effects of Noninvasive Technology Modalities on Lower-Limb Motor Function in Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2025Review
- Neurosciences and Sports Rehabilitation in ACLR: A Narrative Review on Winning Alliance Strategies and Connecting the Dots.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Review
- Psychological outcomes of extended reality interventions in spinal cord injury rehabilitation: a systematic scoping review.Spinal cord · 2025Article
- Correlation Between Modified Functional Reach Test and Medio-Lateral Center of Pressure in Paraplegic Individuals With Motor-Complete Spinal Cord Injury.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Virtual Reality as a Therapeutic Tool in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation: A Comprehensive Evaluation and Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Lessons learned: Pandemic-era perspectives on delivering care and conducting research in spinal cord injury.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a disabling condition with physical, psychological, and financial consequences. The study's goal is to compare the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality (VR) training in balance among individuals with incomplete paraplegia to that of functional electrical stimulation (FES).
designTwo groups, randomized clinical trial.
settingNeurological Physiotherapy Out Patient Department, Tertiary Care Hospital.
participantsEighteen people aged 18-60 years with incomplete SCI.
interventionsVR training along with conventional physical therapy (CPT) and FES for Rectus Abdominis and Erector Spinae with CPT five times a week for 4 weeks. OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome measures were Modified Functional Reach Test (mFRT) and Function in Sitting Test (FIST) to assess sitting balance and Spinal Cord Independence Measure III (SCIM III) for the level of independence. Assessments were taken before initiating treatment and at the end of the 2 and 4 weeks after treatment. Within-group analyses for the mFRT values were performed using Repeated Measures ANOVA test, and between-group analyses were performed using the independent
resultsAll variables (mFRT and FIST) improved significantly in both groups (P < 0.05), with the VR + CPT group showing a more significant result than the FES + CPT group (P value < 0.05), except for SCIM III.
conclusionVR as an adjunct to CPT demonstrated proved to be an effective treatment to improve balance among individuals with incomplete paraplegia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.