Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34935509›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Dementia: A Hypothesis Generated but Not Adequately Tested.

Mishah Azhar, Lawrence Fiedler, Patricio S Espinosa, Charles H Hennekens

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Cognitive Function in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mishah AzharPGY-3 Internal Medicine Resident, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education Consortium (Bethesda Hospital, Boca Raton Regional Hospital, Delray Medical Center, St Mary's Medical Center, West Boca Raton Hospital), 306688Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4323-8292
Lawrence FiedlerCharles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, 306688Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
Patricio S EspinosaNeurologist in Private Practice, 306688Boca Raton, FL, USA.
Charles H HennekensCharles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, 306688Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We reviewed the evidence on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and dementia. PPIs are among the most widely utilized drugs in the world. Dementia affects roughly 5% of the population of the United States (US) and world aged 60 years and older. With respect to PPIs and dementia, basic research has suggested plausible mechanisms but descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies are not inconsistent. In addition, a single large-scale randomized trial showed no association. When the evidence is incomplete, it is appropriate for clinicians and researchers to remain uncertain. Regulatory or public health authorities sometimes need to make real-world decisions based on real-world data. When the evidence is complete, then the most rational judgments for individual patients the health of the general public are possible At present, the evidence on PPIs and dementia suggests more reassurance than alarm. Further large-scale randomized evidence is necessary to do so.

Indexed as

DementiaProton Pump InhibitorsAgedHumansMiddle AgedProton Pump Inhibitorsdementiaepidemiologygastroenterologyproton pump inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID34935509
PMCPMC10581100

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.