ReviewEye and brain2021
Neuro-Ophthalmological Optic Nerve Cupping: An Overview.
Review in Eye and brain, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ophthalmic Image Synthesis and Analysis with Generative Adversarial Network Artificial Intelligence.Journal of imaging informatics in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The Dual Role of Macroglia in Glaucoma: Deciphering the Contributions of Astrocytes and Müller Cells to Retinal Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Near-Infrared and Red-Light Photobiomodulation for Ocular Aging and Diseases: A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- AstroOphthalmology: ocular anterior segment.NPJ microgravity · 2026Review
- Retinal Ganglion Cell Degeneration in Glaucoma: Systematic Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Visual Outcomes and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Changes Following Methanol Induced Optic Neuropathy: A Covid-19 Era Experience.Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press) · 2026Article
- Sloping retina: a novel feature associated with primary open-angle glaucoma in an African ancestry cohort.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Applications of generative adversarial networks in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of ophthalmic diseases.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Review
- Exploring Glaucoma: From Pathogenesis to Emerging Diagnostic and Management Strategies.Journal of ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Google search spike of "My Eyes Hurt" in United States after solar eclipse: an analysis and future prevention.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Precisional modulation of translaminar pressure gradients for ophthalmic diseases.European journal of ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Differential Functional Changes in Visual Performance during Acute Exposure to Microgravity Analogue and Their Potential Links with Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A side-by-side evaluation of Llama 2 by meta with ChatGPT and its application in ophthalmology.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Glaucoma Detection through a Novel Hyperspectral Imaging Band Selection and Vision Transformer Integration.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Glaucoma as a cause of optic nerve abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Large language model (LLM)-driven chatbots for neuro-ophthalmic medical education.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Google's AI chatbot "Bard": a side-by-side comparison with ChatGPT and its utilization in ophthalmology.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Chemical Insights into Topical Agents in Intraocular Pressure Management: From Glaucoma Etiopathology to Therapeutic Approaches.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Anatomical considerations for reducing ocular emergencies during spaceflight.Irish journal of medical science · 2024Review
- Adrenoceptors in the Eye - Physiological and Pathophysiological Relevance.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Optic nerve cupping or enlargement of the cup-to-disc ratio is widely recognized as a feature of glaucoma, however it may also occur in non-glaucomatous optic neuropathies. The most well-recognized non-glaucomatous optic neuropathies that cause cupping include compressive optic neuropathies, arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathies, hereditary optic neuropathies, and optic neuritis. Cupping is thought to consist of two main components: prelaminar and laminar thinning. The former is a shallow form of cupping and related to loss of retinal ganglion cells, whereas the latter involves damage to the lamina cribrosa and peripapillary scleral connective tissue. Differentiating glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous optic nerve cupping remains challenging even for experienced observers. Classically, the optic nerve in non-glaucomatous causes has pallor of the neuroretinal rim, but the optic nerve should not be examined in isolation. The patient's medical history, history of presenting illness, visual function (visual acuity, color vision and visual field testing) and ocular examination also need to be considered. Ancillary testing such as optical coherence tomography of the retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer may also be helpful in localizing the disease. In this review, we review the non-glaucomatous causes of cupping and provide an approach to evaluating a patient that presents with an enlarged cup-to-disc ratio.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.