ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
Ethics and society review: Ethics reflection as a precondition to research funding.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Harnessing large vision and language models in agriculture: a review.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Educating Students About Digital Health Research Ethics: Curricula Review and Expert Interview Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Rethinking ethical reflexivity and oversight in health research through an ecosystem approach: A workshop report.Research ethics · 2026Article
- Streamlining IRB review of AI human subjects research (AIHSR): the three-stage framework.Frontiers in systems biology · 2026Article
- Ethical oversight in impact evaluations: External advisory committees to assess programming risks.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- An ecosystem approach to governing commercial actors in healthcare AI.Policy studies (Policy Studies Institute) · 2025Article
- Training Bioethics Professionals in AI Ethics: A Framework.The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics · 2025Article
- Looking Beyond the IRB.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2025Article
- Tempered enthusiasm by interviewed experts for synthetic data and ELSI checklists for AI in medicine.AI and ethics · 2025Article
- Toward a framework for risk mitigation of potential misuse of artificial intelligence in biomedical research.Nature machine intelligence · 2024Article
- Vulnerability in research ethics: A call for assessing vulnerability and implementing protections.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Investigating the Roles and Responsibilities of Institutional Signing Officials After Data Sharing Policy Reform for Federally Funded Research in the United States: National Survey.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- The Need for IRB Leadership to Address the New Ethical Challenges of Research with Highly Portable Neuroimaging Technologies.The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics · 2024Article
- Prosocial motives underlie scientific censorship by scientists: A perspective and research agenda.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Stronger regulation of AI in biomedicine.Science translational medicine · 2023Review
- Artificial intelligence and medical research databases: ethical review by data access committees.BMC medical ethics · 2023Article
- Ethics governance development: The case of the Menlo Report.Social studies of science · 2023Article
- Disparate impacts on online information access during the Covid-19 pandemic.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Promoting Ethical Deployment of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Healthcare.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Researchers in areas as diverse as computer science and political science must increasingly navigate the possible risks of their research to society. However, the history of medical experiments on vulnerable individuals influenced many research ethics reviews to focus exclusively on risks to human subjects rather than risks to human society. We describe an Ethics and Society Review board (ESR), which fills this moral gap by facilitating ethical and societal reflection as a requirement to access grant funding: Researchers cannot receive grant funding from participating programs until the researchers complete the ESR process for their proposal. Researchers author an initial statement describing their proposed research's risks to society, subgroups within society, and globally and commit to mitigation strategies for these risks. An interdisciplinary faculty panel iterates with the researchers to refine these risks and mitigation strategies. We describe a mixed-method evaluation of the ESR over 1 y, in partnership with a large artificial intelligence grant program at our university. Surveys and interviews of researchers who interacted with the ESR found 100% (95% CI: 87 to 100%) were willing to continue submitting future projects to the ESR, and 58% (95% CI: 37 to 77%) felt that it had influenced the design of their research project. The ESR panel most commonly identified issues of harms to minority groups, inclusion of diverse stakeholders in the research plan, dual use, and representation in datasets. These principles, paired with possible mitigation strategies, offer scaffolding for future research designs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.