ArticleGlobal health, science and practice2021
How Home Delivery of Antiretroviral Drugs Ensured Uninterrupted HIV Treatment During COVID-19: Experiences From Indonesia, Laos, Nepal, and Nigeria.
Article in Global health, science and practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acceptability, Needs, Concerns, and Barriers to Digital-Based Interventions for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV: Systematic Review and Qualitative Meta-Aggregation.JMIR medical informatics · 2025Pooled it
- HIV Testing Disruptions and Service Adaptations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review.AIDS and behavior · 2024Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of a community-based model for delivery of antiretroviral therapy to people with clinically stable HIV in Cambodia.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Trial
- Factors influencing treatment default among patients initiated on antiretroviral at a district in the North West province of South Africa: A qualitative study.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2026Article
- Syndemic perspective of how people living with HIV faced the COVID-19 crisis in North Africa.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Acceptability and Feasibility of Remote PrEP Visits for Adolescent Girls and Young Women in South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Rapid Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Reduces Mortality Among People Living With HIV in Indonesia: A Retrospective Observational Study.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2025Observational
- Extreme geographic misalignment of healthcare resources and HIV treatment deserts in Malawi.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- HIV Care Seeking Pathways and Barriers to the Continuum of Care Faced by Persons Living With HIV in Rural Nepal: A Qualitative Study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on uptake of HIV treatment in Bandung and Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A retrospective cohort study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of HIV/AIDS, 1990-2021, and forecasts to 2050, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.The lancet. HIV · 2024Article
- Courier delivery of antiretroviral therapy: a cohort study of a South African private-sector HIV programme.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Observational
- Lived experience, social support, and challenges to health service use during the COVID-19 pandemic among HIV key populations in Indonesia.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- People living with HIV's perspectives of acceptability of fee for home delivery of ART: a qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Adopting sustainable innovations for remote access to TB and HIV care in South Africa.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Predictors of Detectable Viremia, Outcomes, and Implications for Management of People Living With HIV Who Are Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Southern Nigeria.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Barriers to Antiretroviral Medication Adherence in People Living with HIV (PLHIV) at the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Barriers to access to antiretroviral therapy by people living with HIV in an indonesian remote district during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and Malaria Health Services in sub-Saharan Africa - A Situation Analysis of the Disruptions and Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionFaced with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, governments worldwide instituted lockdowns to curtail virus spread. Health facility closures and travel restrictions disrupted access to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy for people living with HIV. This report describes how HIV programs in Indonesia, Laos, Nepal, and Nigeria supported treatment continuation by introducing home delivery of ARVs.
methodsStaff supporting the programs provided accounts of when and how decisions were taken to support ARV home delivery. They captured programmatic information about home delivery implementation using an intervention documentation tool. The 4 country experiences revealed lessons learned about factors favoring successful expansion of ARV home delivery.
resultsThree of the countries relied on existing networks of community health workers for ARV delivery; the fourth country, Indonesia, relied on a private sector courier service. Across the 4 countries, between 19% and 51% of eligible clients were served by home delivery. The experiences showed that ARV home delivery is feasible and acceptable to health service providers, clients, and other stakeholders. Essential to success was rapid mobilization of stakeholders who led the design of the home delivery mechanisms and provided leadership support of the service innovations. Timely service adaptation was made possible by pre-existing differentiated models of care supportive of community-based ARV provision by outreach workers. Home delivery models prioritized protection of client confidentiality and prevention measures for COVID-19. Sustainability of the innovation depends on reinforcement of the commodity management infrastructure and investment in financing mechanisms.
conclusionHome delivery of ARVs is a feasible client-centered approach to be included among the options for decentralized drug distribution. It serves as a measure for expanding access to care both when access to health services is disrupted and under routine circumstances.
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Registered trials
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