ArticleOpen heart2021
High levels of interleukin-6 are associated with final infarct size and adverse clinical events in patients with STEMI.
Article in Open heart, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00922675 (Postconditioning in ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated With Primary PCI), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Postconditioning in ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated With Primary PCI
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Wearable Sweat Biosensors for Inflammatory Biomarkers (CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α): A Systematic Review of Analytical and Clinical Evidence.Biosensors · 2026Pooled it
- Cytokine pattern in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with the interleukin-6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab.Open heart · 2023Trial
- Impact of the SGLT2-inhibitor empagliflozin on inflammatory biomarkers after acute myocardial infarction - a post-hoc analysis of the EMMY trial.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023 · on this mapTrial
- Association of systemic inflammation with major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Stress: A Historical Review.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Inflammation and Immune Mediators in the Context of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Implications for Therapeutics.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cross-Species Identification and Validation of Hub Genes and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Myocardial Infarction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Adipokine-mediated metabolic responses across BMI in acute myocardial infarction.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Serotonin 5-HT7 receptor signaling modulates inflammatory responses and survival after myocardial infarction.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Role of Interleukin-6 in Atherothrombosis and Myocardial Infarction.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Mechanisms in Acute Coronary Syndromes: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Targets.Cells · 2025Review
- Correlation of inflammatory burden index with 30-day readmission rates in patients post-elective percutaneous coronary intervention.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2025Article
- Review
- Risk factors and predictive model for mortality in acute myocardial infarction with ventricular septal rupture at high altitudes.World journal of cardiology · 2025Article
- IL-6R Signaling Is Associated with PAD4 and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in Patients with STEMI.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Integrating the Interleukins in the Biomarker Panel for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes: Unraveling a Multifaceted Conundrum.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Temporal trajectory and left ventricular ejection fraction association of eight circulating biomarkers in first acute myocardial infarction patients: a 12-month prospective cohort study.European heart journal open · 2024Article
- Reward system activation improves recovery from acute myocardial infarction.Nature cardiovascular research · 2024Article
- Dysregulation of IL-6/MCP-1/STAT3 Axis: A Promising Therapeutic Postinfarction Inflammation Strategy?JACC. Basic to translational science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveInflammation has emerged as a new treatment target in patients with coronary artery disease and inflammation seems to play an important role in ischaemia/reperfusion injury that follows ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We aimed to explore the role of acute and sustained interleukin 6 (IL-6) signalling, including soluble IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), with regard to infarct size, adverse remodelling and future cardiovascular events in patients with STEMI.
methodsWe included 269 patients with first-time STEMI, symptom duration <6 hours and treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. Blood sampling and cardiac MRI were performed in the acute phase and after 4 months. Clinical events and all-cause mortality were registered during 12-month and 70-month follow-up, respectively.
resultsIL-6 levels above median at all sampling points were significantly associated with increased infarct size and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). IL-6 levels in the highest quartile were at all sampling points associated with an increased risk of having an adverse clinical event during the first 12 months and with long-term all-cause mortality. IL-6R was not associated with infarct size, LVEF, myocardial salvage or long-term all-cause mortality.
conclusionAcute and sustained elevation of IL-6 measured 4 months after STEMI were associated with larger infarct size, reduced LVEF and adverse clinical events including all-cause mortality. The results add important information to the sustained role of inflammation in patients with STEMI and IL-6 as a potential target for long-term intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00922675.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.