Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34931988›Full record

ArticleeLife2021

Hemodynamic molecular imaging of tumor-associated enzyme activity in the living brain.

Mitul Desai, Jitendra Sharma, Adrian L Slusarczyk, Ashley A Chapin, Robert Ohlendorf, Agata Wisniowska, Mriganka Sur, Alan Jasanoff

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 36% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. A programmable genetic platform for engineering noninvasive biosensors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Mitul DesaiDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.
Jitendra SharmaDepartment of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.
Adrian L SlusarczykDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.
Ashley A ChapinDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.
Robert OhlendorfDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-1720-4400
Agata WisniowskaHarvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.
Mriganka SurDepartment of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2442-5671
Alan JasanoffDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2834-6359
Massachusetts Institute of Technology · USInstitute of Cognitive and Brain Sciences · USHarvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology · US

Funding

Toward functional molecular neuroimaging using vasoactive probes in human subjectsU01EB031641 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI JASANOFF, ALAN · 2021 to 2025
$2.9M
Advanced Multimodal Neuroimaging Training GrantR90DA023427 · NIDA · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI ROSEN, BRUCE R · 2006 to 2015
$2.8M
Genetically-targeted hemodynamic functional imagingU01NS103470 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI JASANOFF, ALAN · 2017 to 2019
$1.6M
Toward functional molecular neuroimaging using vasoactive probes in human subjects.R24MH109081 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI JASANOFF, ALAN · 2015 to 2017
$1.3M
NIBIB NIH HHS U01 EB031641NIDA NIH HHS R90 DA023427NIMH NIH HHS R24 MH109081NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS103470
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Molecular imaging could have great utility for detecting, classifying, and guiding treatment of brain disorders, but existing probes offer limited capability for assessing relevant physiological parameters. Here, we describe a potent approach for noninvasive mapping of cancer-associated enzyme activity using a molecular sensor that acts on the vasculature, providing a diagnostic readout via local changes in hemodynamic image contrast. The sensor is targeted at the fibroblast activation protein (FAP), an extracellular dipeptidase and clinically relevant biomarker of brain tumor biology. Optimal FAP sensor variants were identified by screening a series of prototypes for responsiveness in a cell-based bioassay. The best variant was then applied for quantitative neuroimaging of FAP activity in rats, where it reveals nanomolar-scale FAP expression by xenografted cells. The activated probe also induces robust hemodynamic contrast in nonhuman primate brain. This work thus demonstrates a potentially translatable strategy for ultrasensitive functional imaging of molecular targets in neuromedicine.

Indexed as

Molecular ImagingAnimalsBrain NeoplasmsEndopeptidasesFemaleFibroblast Activation Protein AlphaMaleMembrane ProteinsRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySaimiriEndopeptidasesFibroblast Activation Protein AlphaMembrane Proteinsbraincancercancer biologymolecular imagingMRIneuroscienceproteaseratsaimiri sciureus

Identifiers

PMID34931988
PMCPMC8691830
OpenAlexW4226023681

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.