Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34931081›Full record

ArticleNature metabolism2021

Spatial discordances between mRNAs and proteins in the intestinal epithelium.

Yotam Harnik, Lisa Buchauer, Shani Ben-Moshe, Inna Averbukh, Yishai Levin, Alon Savidor, Raya Eilam, Andreas E Moor, Shalev Itzkovitz

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Regional organization of nutrient absorption across the small intestine.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026
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  3. Spatial Proteomics Using S4P.Bio-protocol · 2026
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  6. Marked for Success: How RNA mCellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026
    Review
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  8. Article
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  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Nutrients · 2025
    Article
  17. Effects ofBiomedicines · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Yotam Harnik *Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5099-3328
Lisa Buchauer *Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4722-8390
Shani Ben-MosheDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Inna AverbukhDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1863-205X
Yishai LevinThe De Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Alon SavidorThe De Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Raya EilamDepartment of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Andreas E MoorDepartment of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8715-8449
Shalev ItzkovitzDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. shalev.itzkovitz@weizmann.ac.il.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0685-2522
Weizmann Institute of Science · ILETH Zurich · CH

Funding

Howard Hughes Medical Institute
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The use of transcriptomes as reliable proxies for cellular proteomes is controversial. In the small intestine, enterocytes operate for 4 days as they migrate along villi, which are highly graded microenvironments. Spatial transcriptomics have demonstrated profound zonation in enterocyte gene expression, but how this variability translates to protein content is unclear. Here we show that enterocyte proteins and messenger RNAs along the villus axis are zonated, yet often spatially discordant. Using spatial sorting with zonated surface markers, together with a Bayesian approach to infer protein translation and degradation rates from the combined spatial profiles, we find that, while many genes exhibit proteins zonated toward the villus tip, mRNA is zonated toward the villus bottom. Finally, we demonstrate that space-independent protein synthesis delays can explain many of the mRNA-protein discordances. Our work provides a proteomic spatial blueprint of the intestinal epithelium, highlighting the importance of protein measurements for inferring cell states in tissues that operate outside of steady state.

Indexed as

Gene Expression RegulationProteomeTranscriptomeAnimalsEnterocytesGene Expression ProfilingImmunohistochemistryIntestinal MucosaMaleMiceProtein StabilityProteomicsRNA StabilityProteome

Identifiers

PMID34931081
OpenAlexW4200249439

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.