Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34931070›Full record

ArticleNature neuroscience2022

Anthrax toxins regulate pain signaling and can deliver molecular cargoes into ANTXR2

Nicole J Yang, Jörg Isensee, Dylan V Neel, Andreza U Quadros, Han-Xiong Bear Zhang, Justas Lauzadis, Sai Man Liu, Stephanie Shiers, Andreea Belu, Shilpa Palan and 20 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Direct cellular contact byScience advances · 2026
    Article
  2. BH4 Oxidation-Derived HJournal of neurochemistry · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors at 11 institutions in 5 countries.

Nicole J YangDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jörg IsenseeTranslational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3390-0051
Dylan V NeelDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Andreza U QuadrosCenter for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Han-Xiong Bear ZhangDepartment of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Justas LauzadisDepartment of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Sai Man LiuIpsen Bioinnovation Ltd, Abingdon, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6359-0229
Stephanie ShiersDepartment of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
Andreea BeluTranslational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Shilpa PalanIpsen Bioinnovation Ltd, Abingdon, UK.
Sandra MarlinIpsen Bioinnovation Ltd, Abingdon, UK.
Jacquie MaignelIpsen Innovation, Les Ulis, France.
Angela Kennedy-CurranDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0333-2425
Victoria S TongDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7555-7917
Mahtab MoayeriLaboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Pascal RödererInstitute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1600-1935
Anja NitzscheInstitute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Mike LuDepartment of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Bradley L PenteluteDepartment of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7242-801X
Oliver BrüstleInstitute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Vineeta TripathiIpsen Bioinnovation Ltd, Abingdon, UK.
Keith A FosterIpsen Bioinnovation Ltd, Abingdon, UK.
Theodore J PriceDepartment of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6971-6221
R John CollierDepartment of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stephen H LepplaLaboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Michelino PuopoloDepartment of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Bruce P BeanDepartment of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Thiago M CunhaCenter for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Tim HuchoTranslational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4147-9308
Isaac M ChiuDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Isaac_Chiu@hms.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0723-4841
Harvard University · USIpsen (United Kingdom) · GBUniversity of Bonn · DEUniversity of Cologne · DENational Institutes of Health · USStony Brook Medicine · USThe University of Texas at Dallas · USUniversidade de São Paulo · BRBroad Institute · USIpsen (France) · FRMassachusetts Institute of Technology · US

Funding

Medical Scientist Training ProgramT32GM007753 · NIGMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI WALENSKY, LOREN DAVID · 1985 to 2021
$50.0M
Training in the Molecular Biology of Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's DiseaseT32AG000222 · NIA · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI Bruce A YANKNER · 1992 to 2026
$18.5M
Pathophysiological Actions of the Anthrax ToxinsZIAAI001032 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI LEPPLA, STEPHEN · 2009 to 2025
$10.9M
VOLTAGE DEPENDENT ION CHANNELS IN PURKINJE NEURONSR01NS036855 · NINDS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI BEAN, BRUCE P · 1997 to 2022
$7.7M
Anatomic, Physiologic and Transcriptomic Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain in Human DRGR01NS111929 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR · PI DOUGHERTY, PATRICK M, PRICE, THEODORE J. · 2020 to 2024
$3.4M
Pain and Neuro-immune Signaling in S. pyogenes pathogenesisR01AI130019 · NIAID · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI CHIU, ISAAC MING-CHENG, WESSELS, MICHAEL R · 2017 to 2021
$3.2M
Sensory Neuron-Bacteria Interactions in Modulating Pain and the Host MicrobiotaDP2AT009499 · NCCIH · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI CHIU, ISAAC MING-CHENG · 2016 to 2019
$2.7M
Nociceptor neuron regulation of gastrointestinal barrier protection and host defenseR01DK127257 · NIDDK · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI CHIU, ISAAC MING-CHENG · 2021 to 2024
$2.2M
NCCIH NIH HHS DP2 AT009499NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI130019NIA NIH HHS T32 AG000222NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK127257NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007753NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS036855NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS111929
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacterial products can act on neurons to alter signaling and function. In the present study, we found that dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons are enriched for ANTXR2, the high-affinity receptor for anthrax toxins. Anthrax toxins are composed of protective antigen (PA), which binds to ANTXR2, and the protein cargoes edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF). Intrathecal administration of edema toxin (ET (PA + EF)) targeted DRG neurons and induced analgesia in mice. ET inhibited mechanical and thermal sensation, and pain caused by formalin, carrageenan or nerve injury. Analgesia depended on ANTXR2 expressed by Na

Indexed as

AnthraxBacillus anthracisBacterial ToxinsInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsAnimalsGanglia, SpinalHumansMiceNociceptorsPainReceptors, PeptideANTXR2 protein, humanBacterial ToxinsReceptors, Peptide

Identifiers

PMID34931070
PMCPMC9388775
OpenAlexW4200582884

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.