ArticleScientific reports2021
The effect of toll-like receptor ligands on energy metabolism and myokine expression and secretion in cultured human skeletal muscle cells.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toll Like Receptor 4: A Potential Link Between Obesity and Metabolic Diseases.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- TLR2 and TLR4 bridge physiological and pathological inflammation in the reproductive system.Communications biology · 2025Review
- Impact of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Glucose, Fatty Acid and Leucine Metabolism in Primary Human Myotubes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Article
- Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) Supplementation in Adult Horses Supports Improved Skeletal Muscle Inflammatory Gene Expression Following Exercise.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Hypoxia-induced PD-L1 expression and modulation of muscle stem cell allograft rejection.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Nexus Between Sarcopenia and Microbiome Research: A Bibliometric Exploration.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2024Review
- Circulating Levels of IL-8 and MCP-1 in Healthy Adults: Changes after an Acute Aerobic Exercise and Association with Body Composition and Energy Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Potential Role of Myokines/Hepatokines in the Progression of Neuronal Damage in Streptozotocin and High-Fat Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice.Biomedicines · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays an important role in glycaemic control and metabolic homeostasis, making it a tissue of interest with respect to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to determine if ligands of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) could have an impact on energy metabolism and myokine expression and secretion in cultured human skeletal muscle cells. The myotubes expressed mRNA for TLRs 1-6. TLR3, TLR4, TLR5 and TLR6 ligands (TLRLs) increased glucose metabolism. Furthermore, TLR4L and TLR5L increased oleic acid metabolism. The metabolic effects of TLRLs were not evident until after at least 24 h pre-incubation of the cells and here the metabolic effects were more evident for the metabolism of glucose than oleic acid, with a shift towards effects on oleic acid metabolism after chronic exposure (168 h). However, the stimulatory effect of TLRLs on myokine expression and secretion was detected after only 6 h, where TLR3-6L stimulated secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6). TLR5L also increased secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8), while TLR6L also increased secretion of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Pre-incubation of the myotubes with IL-6 for 24 h increased oleic acid oxidation but had no effect on glucose metabolism. Thus IL-6 did not mimic all the metabolic effects of the TLRLs, implying metabolic effects beyond the actions of this myokine.
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