Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34930815›Full record

ArticleGut2022

Deviated and early unsustainable stunted development of gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Mingxing Lou, Aihua Cao, Cuiyuan Jin, Kai Mi, Xiyue Xiong, Zhaoyang Zeng, Xu Pan, Jinlong Qie, Shangfeng Qiu, Yaofang Niu and 13 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gut, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Community heterogeneity scaling of gut microbiomes across Chinese ethnicities and lifestyles appears invariant.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Observational
  10. The Microbiota in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
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  12. Review
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  16. Article
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16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.

Mingxing Lou *National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Aihua Cao *Department of Pediatrics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Cuiyuan Jin *Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Kai Mi *State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Xiyue XiongNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Zhaoyang ZengInstitute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Xu PanCollege of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Jinlong QieState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Shangfeng QiuNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Yaofang NiuGuhe Information Technology Co Ltd, Hangzhou, China.
Hao LiangNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Yanping LiuNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Lin ChenNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Zhi LiuState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Qing ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Xiyan QiuNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Yuanxiang JinCollege of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Xiaoqi ShengNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Zhibin HuState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8277-5234
Gulei JinGuhe Information Technology Co Ltd, Hangzhou, China xingyinliu@njmu.edu.cn guleijin@126.com ylisaoydwxy@126.com lisaoydwxy@yeah.net.
Jingshi LiuNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China xingyinliu@njmu.edu.cn guleijin@126.com ylisaoydwxy@126.com lisaoydwxy@yeah.net.
Xingyin LiuState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China xingyinliu@njmu.edu.cn guleijin@126.com ylisaoydwxy@126.com lisaoydwxy@yeah.net.ORCID 0000-0001-8770-3494
Yichao WangNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China xingyinliu@njmu.edu.cn guleijin@126.com ylisaoydwxy@126.com lisaoydwxy@yeah.net.
Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital · CNState Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineZhejiang Shuren University · CNHarbin Medical University · CNNanjing Medical University · CNQilu Hospital of Shandong University · CNZhejiang University of Technology · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveRecent studies have provided insights into the gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, these studies were restricted owing to limited sampling at the unitary stage of childhood. Herein, we aimed to reveal developmental characteristics of gut microbiota in a large cohort of subjects with ASD combined with interindividual factors impacting gut microbiota.

designA large cohort of 773 subjects with ASD (aged 16 months to 19 years), 429 neurotypical (NT) development subjects (aged 11 months to 15 years) were emolyed to determine the dynamics change of gut microbiota across different ages using 16S rRNA sequencing.

resultIn subjects with ASD, we observed a distinct but progressive deviation in the development of gut microbiota characterised by persistently decreased alpha diversity, early unsustainable immature microbiota, altered aboudance of 20 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), decreased taxon detection rate and 325 deregulated microbial metabolic functions with age-dependent patterns. We further revealed microbial relationships that have changed extensively in ASD before 3 years of age, which were associated with the severity of behaviour, sleep and GI symptoms in the ASD group. This analysis demonstrated that a signature of the combination of 2 OTUs,

conclusionOur large cohort combined with clinical symptom analysis highlights the key regulator of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of ASD and emphasises the importance of monitoring and targeting the gut microbiome in future clinical applications of ASD.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderGastrointestinal MicrobiomeMicrobiotaChildCohort StudiesHumansRNA, Ribosomal, 16SRNA, Ribosomal, 16SAutism spectrum disorderGut microbiotaNeurotypical

Identifiers

PMID34930815
PMCPMC9279844
OpenAlexW4200156845

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.