SynthesisPloS one2021
The association between educational level and multimorbidity among adults in Southeast Asia: A systematic review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence of multimorbidity among people living with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Social determinants of multimorbidity patterns: A systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Assessing the Needs of Community Mental Health Service Users with Chronic Physical Health Conditions: A Cross-Sectional Study.Community mental health journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Bidirectional association between functional difficulty and multimorbidity among older adults in India.Frontiers in aging · 2026Article
- Prevalence of physical comorbidities and multimorbidity in Borderline Personality Disorder: risk factors and comparisons with schizophrenia and healthy controls.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Prevalence, associated factors and temporal trends in multimorbidity in older adults in Singapore.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Multimorbidity quantification from the perspective of precision management: challenges and strategies.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Prevalence and patterns of multiple long-term conditions among lymphatic filariasis patients in Odisha, India: a community-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Multimorbid life expectancy across race, socio-economic status, and sex in South Africa.Population studies · 2025Article
- Spatial Analysis of patterns of Multimorbidity in the Thai Cohort Study Using Latent Class Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence of multimorbidity and its relationship with socioeconomic status among Chinese older adults over time.PloS one · 2025Article
- Impact of age and gender differences in the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in the Thai Cohort Study.International health · 2024Article
- Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in South-Asian Urban Communities: findings from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data of South Asian countries.Journal of human hypertension · 2024Article
- Adherence to an antioxidant diet and lifestyle is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Predictors of Multimorbidity (Defined as Diabetes + Hypertension) Amongst Males Aged 15-54 in India: An Urban/Rural Split Analysis.International journal of public health · 2024Article
- Sex differences in non-communicable disease multimorbidity among adults aged 45 years or older in India.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Heart Failure and Multimorbidity in Asia.Current heart failure reports · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn Southeast Asia, the prevalence of multimorbidity is gradually increasing. This paper aimed to investigate the association between educational level and multimorbidity among over 15-years old adults in Southeast Asia.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review of published observational studies. Studies were selected according to eligibility criteria of addressing definition and prevalence of multimorbidity and associations between level of education and multimorbidity in Southeast Asia. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to measure the quality and risk of bias. The methodology has been published in PROSPERO with registered number ID: CRD42021259311.
resultsEighteen studies were included in the data synthesis. The results are presented using narrative synthesis due to the heterogeneity of differences in exposures, outcomes, and methodology. The prevalence of multimorbidity ranged from 1.7% to 72.6% among over 18 years-old adults and from 1.5% to 51.5% among older people (≥ 60 years). There were three association patterns linking between multimorbidity and education in these studies: (1) higher education reducing odds of multimorbidity, (2) higher education increasing odds of multimorbidity and (3) education having no association with multimorbidity. The association between educational attainment and multimorbidity also varies widely across countries. In Singapore, three cross-sectional studies showed that education had no association with multimorbidity among adults. However, in Indonesia, four cross-sectional studies found higher educated persons to have higher odds of multimorbidity among over 40-years-old persons.
conclusionsPublished studies have shown inconsistent associations between education and multimorbidity because of different national contexts and the lack of relevant research in the region concerned. Enhancing objective data collection such as physical examinations would be necessary for studies of the connection between multimorbidity and education. It can be hypothesised that more empirical research would reveal that a sound educational system can help people prevent multimorbidity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.