Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34928938›Full record

ArticlePLoS biology2021

Noncanonical projections to the hippocampal CA3 regulate spatial learning and memory by modulating the feedforward hippocampal trisynaptic pathway.

Xiaoxiao Lin, Michelle Amalraj, Crisylle Blanton, Brenda Avila, Todd C Holmes, Douglas A Nitz, Xiangmin Xu

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Neural Circuit Mapping and Neurotherapy-Based Strategies.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025
    Review
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  12. Dorsoventral Heterogeneity of Synaptic Connectivity in Hippocampal CA3 Pyramidal Neurons.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiaoxiao LinDepartment Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.
Michelle AmalrajDepartment Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0003-1764-0795
Crisylle BlantonDepartment Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.
Brenda AvilaDepartment Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.
Todd C HolmesDepartment Physiology & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0001-8152-8832
Douglas A NitzThe Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America.
Xiangmin XuDepartment Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-5828-1533
University of California, Irvine · US

Funding

UV to blue neuronal phototransduction mechanismsR35GM127102 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI Todd C Holmes · 2018 to 2026
$4.4M
Genetically engineered anterograde monosynaptic viral tracers for multi-species neural circuit analysisRF1MH120020 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI HORWITZ, GREGORY D, SANDRI-GOLDIN, ROZANNE M · 2019 to 2019
$4.3M
Hippocampal inhibitory neuronal circuit organizationR01NS078434 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI XU, XIANGMIN · 2012 to 2016
$1.6M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM127102NIMH NIH HHS RF1 MH120020NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS078434
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The hippocampal formation (HF) is well documented as having a feedforward, unidirectional circuit organization termed the trisynaptic pathway. This circuit organization exists along the septotemporal axis of the HF, but the circuit connectivity across septal to temporal regions is less well described. The emergence of viral genetic mapping techniques enhances our ability to determine the detailed complexity of HF circuitry. In earlier work, we mapped a subiculum (SUB) back projection to CA1 prompted by the discovery of theta wave back propagation from the SUB to CA1 and CA3. We reason that this circuitry may represent multiple extended noncanonical pathways involving the subicular complex and hippocampal subregions CA1 and CA3. In the present study, multiple retrograde viral tracing approaches produced robust mapping results, which supports this prediction. We find significant noncanonical synaptic inputs to dorsal hippocampal CA3 from ventral CA1 (vCA1), perirhinal cortex (Prh), and the subicular complex. Thus, CA1 inputs to CA3 run opposite the trisynaptic pathway and in a temporal to septal direction. Our retrograde viral tracing results are confirmed by anterograde-directed viral mapping of projections from input mapped regions to hippocampal dorsal CA3 (dCA3). We find that genetic inactivation of the projection of vCA1 to dCA3 impairs object-related spatial learning and memory but does not modulate anxiety-related behaviors. Our data provide a circuit foundation to explore novel functional roles contributed by these noncanonical hippocampal circuit connections to hippocampal circuit dynamics and learning and memory behaviors.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainBrain MappingCA1 Region, HippocampalCA3 Region, HippocampalHippocampusMaleMemoryMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicNeural PathwaysPerirhinal CortexSpatial Learning

Identifiers

PMID34928938
PMCPMC8741299
OpenAlexW4200520364

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.