Trial reportBreast cancer research and treatment2022
Immunohistochemistry study of tumor vascular normalization and anti-angiogenic effects of sunitinib versus bevacizumab prior to dose-dense doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in HER2-negative breast cancer.
Trial report in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02790580 (Dose-dense Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide With Intermittent Low-dose Sunitinib as Neoadjuvant or First-line Palliative Treatment of Newly Diagnosed HER2 Negative Breast Cancer Patients With Measurable Primary Breast Tumor), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Dose-dense Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide With Intermittent Low-dose Sunitinib as Neoadjuvant or First-line Palliative Treatment of Newly Diagnosed HER2 Negative Breast Cancer Patients With Measurable Primary Breast Tumor
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular targeted therapy in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer (PROC): a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Anti-VEGF vascular remodeling drives germinal center B cell-rich tertiary lymphoid structures during antibody-toxin and anti-CD40 combination therapy in glioblastoma.Research square · 2026Article
- Article
- Microenvironmental regulation and remodeling of breast cancer angiogenesis: from basic mechanisms to clinical therapeutic implications.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Spatial organization of the tumor-immune microenvironment in ER-positive breast cancer: remodeling during treatment and associations with clinical response.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Advancing Breast Cancer Treatment: The Role of Immunotherapy and Cancer Vaccines in Overcoming Therapeutic Challenges.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Amelioration of breast cancer therapies through normalization of tumor vessels and microenvironment: paradigm shift to improve drug perfusion and nanocarrier permeation.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
- Metrnl and Cardiomyopathies: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Insights.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Vascular regional analysis unveils differential responses to anti-angiogenic therapy in pancreatic xenografts through macroscopic photoacoustic imaging.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Review
- Lymphatic vessel: origin, heterogeneity, biological functions, and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Pathological angiogenesis: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Angiogenesis · 2023Review
- ROS impairs tumor vasculature normalization through an endocytosis effect of caveolae on extracellular SPARC.Cancer cell international · 2023Article
- Serial Tumor Molecular Profiling of Newly Diagnosed HER2-Negative Breast Cancers During Chemotherapy in Combination with Angiogenesis Inhibitors.Targeted oncology · 2022Article
- The mechanistic immunosuppressive role of the tumour vasculature and potential nanoparticle-mediated therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTumor angiogenesis controlled predominantly by vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor (VEGF-VEGFR) interaction plays a key role in the growth and propagation of cancer cells. However, the newly formed network of blood vessels is disorganized and leaky. Pre-treatment with anti-angiogenic agents can "normalize" the tumor vasculature allowing effective intra-tumoral delivery of standard chemotherapy. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was applied to investigate and compare the vascular normalization and anti-angiogenic effects of two commonly used anti-angiogenic agents, Sunitinib and Bevacizumab, administered prior to chemotherapy in HER2-negative breast cancer patients.
methodsThis prospective clinical trial enrolled 38 patients into a sunitinib cohort and 24 into a bevacizumab cohort. All received 4 cycles of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide chemotherapy and pre-treatment with either sunitinib or bevacizumab. Tumor biopsies were obtained at baseline, after cycle 1 (C1) and cycle 4 (C4) of chemotherapy. IHC was performed to assess the tumor vascular normalization index (VNI), lymphatic vessel density (LVD), Ki67 proliferation index and expression of tumor VEGFR2.
resultsIn comparison to Bevacizumab, Sunitinib led to a significant increase in VNI post-C1 and C4 (p < 0.001 and 0.001) along with decrease in LVD post-C1 (p = 0.017). Both drugs when combined with chemotherapy resulted in significant decline in tumor proliferation after C1 and C4 (baseline vs post-C4 Ki67 index p = 0.006 for Sunitinib vs p = 0.021 for Bevacizumab). Bevacizumab resulted in a significant decrease in VEGFR2 expression post-C1 (p = 0.004).
conclusionSunitinib, in comparison to Bevacizumab showed a greater effect on tumor vessel modulation and lymphangiogenesis suggesting that its administration prior to chemotherapy might result in improved drug delivery. TRIAL REGISTRY: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02790580 (first posted June 6, 2016).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.