Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34926995›Full record

ArticleJMIR infodemiology

Health Care Providers' Trusted Sources for Information About COVID-19 Vaccines: Mixed Methods Study.

Eden Brauer, Kristen Choi, John Chang, Yi Luo, Bruno Lewin, Corrine Munoz-Plaza, David Bronstein, Katia Bruxvoort

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR infodemiology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Eden BrauerSchool of Nursing University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-1748
Kristen ChoiSchool of Nursing University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5453-1091
John ChangDepartment of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2821-9744
Yi LuoDepartment of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8990-2470
Bruno LewinSouthern California Permanente Medical Group Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1483-2791
Corrine Munoz-PlazaDepartment of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7252-8934
David BronsteinSouthern California Permanente Medical Group Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8051-3353
Katia BruxvoortDepartment of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8277-2431

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInformation and opinions shared by health care providers can affect patient vaccination decisions, but little is known about who health care providers themselves trust for information in the context of new COVID-19 vaccines.

objectiveThe purpose of this study is to investigate which sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines are trusted by health care providers and how they communicate this information to patients.

methodsThis mixed methods study involved a one-time, web-based survey of health care providers and qualitative interviews with a subset of survey respondents. Health care providers (physicians, advanced practice providers, pharmacists, nurses) were recruited from an integrated health system in Southern California using voluntary response sampling, with follow-up interviews with providers who either accepted or declined a COVID-19 vaccine. The outcome was the type of information sources that respondents reported trusting for information about COVID-19 vaccines. Bivariate tests were used to compare trusted information sources by provider type; thematic analysis was used to explore perspectives about vaccine information and communicating with patients about vaccines.

resultsThe survey was completed by 2948 providers, of whom 91% (n=2683) responded that they had received ≥1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. The most frequently trusted source of COVID-19 vaccine information was government agencies (n=2513, 84.2%); the least frequently trusted source was social media (n=691, 9.5%). More physicians trusted government agencies (n=1226, 93%) than nurses (n=927, 78%) or pharmacists (n=203, 78%;

conclusionsPhysicians have stronger trust in government sources and their employers for information about COVID-19 vaccines compared with nurses, pharmacists, and advanced practice providers. Strategies such as role modeling, tailored messaging, or talking points with standard language may help providers to communicate accurate COVID-19 vaccine information to patients, and these strategies may also be used with providers with lower levels of trust in reputable information sources.

Indexed as

communicationCOVID-19health care providerhealth informationmixed methodtrustvaccine

Identifiers

PMID34926995
PMCPMC8664154

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.