ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Neuroinflammation and Scarring After Spinal Cord Injury: Therapeutic Roles of MSCs on Inflammation and Glial Scar.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in the research of the role of macrophage/microglia polarization-mediated inflammatory response in spinal cord injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Nonsurgical Platelet Membrane-Decorated Gold Yarnball Brain Antenna for In Situ Nitric Oxide Generation and Neuronal Regeneration.ACS nano · 2026Article
- IL-33/ST2 Signaling and Microglial Functional-State Transitions After Spinal Cord Injury: Direct Evidence and Mechanistic Hypotheses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Treadmill Training Improves Functional Recovery After Injection of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction in Rats With a Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of neuroscience research · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation and Graft Survival in Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Therapies for the Central Nervous System.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- Interferon regulatory factor 4-releasing 3D-printed scaffolds enhance spinal cord repair by modulating macrophage polarization.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Overcoming Barriers to Axonal Regeneration in Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Frontiers.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in Diversified Materials for Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Research on GM1 bound bMSCs loaded with SF hydrogel for spinal cord injury repair.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Nyap1 Redirects JNK Signaling to Couple Neuroprotection with Circuit Regeneration After Spinal Cord Injury.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- A Primary Spinal Cord Mixed Culture Method for In Vitro Analysis of Glial Heterogeneity and Inflammatory Responses.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Mitophagy: A key regulator in the pathophysiology and treatment of spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells and secretome as modulators of neuroinflammation in neurological disorders.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Polyphenol-Rich Lemon Peel Extract Use in a Zebrafish Model of Spinal Cord Injury: Morphology, Repair-Associated Markers, and Inflammatory Profile.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells and the central nervous system: historical perspectives and future directions.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Gut-derived signals regulating glial activation and secondary neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury: an evidence mapping and mechanistic framework.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Targeting glial scar formation for spinal cord injury: mechanisms, strategies, and research progress review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Conductive Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Neural Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Scoping Review of Recent Trends.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- What Is New in Spinal Cord Injury Management: A Narrative Review on the Emerging Role of Nanotechnology.Biomedicines · 2025Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transected axons are unable to regenerate after spinal cord injury (SCI). Glial scar is thought to be responsible for this failure. Regulating the formation of glial scar post-SCI may contribute to axonal regrow. Over the past few decades, studies have found that the interaction between immune cells at the damaged site results in a robust and persistent inflammatory response. Current therapy strategies focus primarily on the inhibition of subacute and chronic neuroinflammation after the acute inflammatory response was executed. Growing evidences have documented that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) engraftment can be served as a promising cell therapy for SCI. Numerous studies have shown that MSCs transplantation can inhibit the excessive glial scar formation as well as inflammatory response, thereby facilitating the anatomical and functional recovery. Here, we will review the effects of inflammatory response and glial scar formation in spinal cord injury and repair. The role of MSCs in regulating neuroinflammation and glial scar formation after SCI will be reviewed as well.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.