Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34925056›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in physiology2021

The Evolution of Blood Flow Restricted Exercise.

Eduardo D S Freitas, Murat Karabulut, Michael G Bemben

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07309068 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Acute Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Balance and Proprioception: A Randomized Controlled Blinded StudyAcute BFR Training Effects on Balance and Proprioception

TypeinterventionalSponsorBiruni UniversityRan2025 to 2026Enrolled74ConditionsBlood Flow RestrictionArmsBFR, sham BFR, Proprioceptive Exercise Training
NCT07315425 naactive not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Investigation of the Acute Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Aerobic Exercise on Hemodynamic Responses and Muscle Oxygen in Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorGazi UniversityRan2026 to 2028Enrolled30ConditionsInterstitial Lung Disease (ILD)ArmsBlood flow restriction (BFR) low-intensity aerobic exercise training, Low-intensity aerobic exercise training
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Blood Flow Restriction Training in Hemodialysis Patients: Clinical Benefits, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Eduardo D S FreitasDepartment of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States.
Murat KarabulutDepartment of Health and Human Performance, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, United States.
Michael G BembenDepartment of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States.
University of Oklahoma · USThe University of Texas Rio Grande Valley · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The use of blood flow restricted (BFR) exercise has become an accepted alternative approach to improve skeletal muscle mass and function and improve cardiovascular function in individuals that are not able to or do not wish to use traditional exercise protocols that rely on heavy loads and high training volumes. BFR exercise involves the reduction of blood flow to working skeletal muscle by applying a flexible cuff to the most proximal portions of a person's arms or legs that results in decreased arterial flow to the exercising muscle and occluded venous return back to the central circulation. Safety concerns, especially related to the cardiovascular system, have not been consistently reported with a few exceptions; however, most researchers agree that BFR exercise can be a relatively safe technique for most people that are free from serious cardiovascular disease, as well as those with coronary artery disease, and also for people suffering from chronic conditions, such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's, and osteoarthritis. Potential mechanisms to explain the benefits of BFR exercise are still mostly speculative and may require more invasive studies or the use of animal models to fully explore mechanisms of adaptation. The setting of absolute resistive pressures has evolved, from being based on an individual's systolic blood pressure to a relative measure that is based on various percentages of the pressures needed to totally occlude blood flow in the exercising limb. However, since several other issues remain unresolved, such as the actual external loads used in combination with BFR, the type of cuff used to induce the blood flow restriction, and whether the restriction is continuous or intermittent, this paper will attempt to address these additional concerns.

Indexed as

aerobic trainingkaatsuocclusion trainingpractical BFRresistance training

Identifiers

PMID34925056
PMCPMC8674694
OpenAlexW3217436004

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.