Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34924375›Full record

ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2022

Periodontal Disease and Risk of Dementia in Medicare Patients with Hepatitis C Virus.

Joseph Malone, Jeah Jung, Linh Tran, Chen Zhao

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Hepatitis and periodontal health: an emerging oral-liver axis.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Periodontitis and Neuropathic Diseases: A Literature Review.Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry
    Review
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Joseph MaloneDepartment of Neurology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
Jeah JungDepartment of Health Policy and Administration, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Linh TranDepartment of Health Policy and Administration, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Chen ZhaoDepartment of Neurology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
Pennsylvania State University · USPenn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center · US

Funding

Use of New Hepatitis C Drugs and Patients' Health Outcomes in MedicareR01AG055636 · NIA · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE · PI JUNG, JEAH · 2018 to 2020
$1.5M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG055636
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeriodontal disease and hepatitis C virus (HCV) represent chronic infectious states that are common in elderly adults. Both conditions have independently been associated with an increased risk for dementia. Chronic infections are thought to lead to neurodegenerative changes in the central nervous system possibly by promoting a proinflammatory state. This is consistent with growing literature on the etiological role of infections in dementia. Few studies have previously evaluated the association of periodontal disease with dementia in HCV patients.

objectiveTo examine whether periodontal disease increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) among HCV patients in Medicare claims data.

methodsWe used Medicare claims data for HCV patients to assess the incidence rate of ADRD with and without exposure to periodontal disease between 2014 and 2017. Cox multivariate regression was used to estimate the association between periodontal disease and development of ADRD, controlling for age, gender, race, ZIP-level income and education, and medical comorbidities.

resultsOf 439,760 HCV patients, the incidence rate of ADRD was higher in patients with periodontal diseases compared to those without (10.84% versus 9.26%, p < 0.001), and those with periodontal disease developed ADRD earlier compared to those without periodontal disease (13.99 versus 21.60 months, p < 0.001). The hazard of developing ADRD was 1.35 times higher in those with periodontal disease (95% CI, 1.30 to 1.40, p < 0.001) after adjusting for all covariates, including age.

conclusionPeriodontal disease increased the risk of developing ADRD among HCV patients in a national Medicare claims dataset.

Indexed as

AgedComorbidityDementiaFemaleHepacivirusHepatitis CHumansIncidenceInsurance Claim ReviewMaleMedicarePeriodontal DiseasesRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesAlzheimer’s diseaseAlzheimer’s disease and related dementiasdementiaHepatitis C virusinfectionperiodontal disease

Identifiers

PMID34924375
PMCPMC8821146
OpenAlexW4200036229

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.