Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34924082›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2022

An assessment of implementation gaps and priority recommendations on food environment policies: the Healthy Food Environment Policy Index in Japan.

Miwa Yamaguchi, Marika Nomura, Yusuke Arai, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Boyd Swinburn, Nobuo Nishi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Miwa YamaguchiInternational Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo162-8636, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6084-1539
Marika NomuraInternational Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo162-8636, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-1446-3973
Yusuke AraiDepartment of Nutrition, Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Chiba, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-1059-2359
Stefanie VandevijverePublic Health Nutrition Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-3225-7524
Boyd SwinburnSchool of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-2131-045X
Nobuo NishiInternational Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo162-8636, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5772-6561

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe current study aimed to evaluate policies and actions for food environments by the Japanese Government using the Healthy Food Environment Policy Index (Food-EPI).

designPublic health experts rated the extent of implementation of food environment-related Policy and the Infrastructure-support components, compared with international best practices. Subsequently, the experts proposed and prioritised future actions to address implementation gaps in an online workshop.

settingJapan.

participantsA total of sixty-six experts rated policy implementation by the Japanese Government and twenty-three participated in the workshop on future actions.

resultsThe implementations of regulations on unhealthy foods and non-alcoholic beverages were rated low in the domains of Food composition, Food labelling and Food promotion, Food prices and Food retail in the Policy component. The implementations of several domains in the Infrastructure-support component were, overall, rated at a higher level, specifically for monitoring and intelligence systems. Based on the rating, reducing health inequalities by supporting people, both economically and physically, was the highest priority for future actions in both components.

conclusionsThe current study found that Japan has a robust system for long-term monitoring of population health but lacks regulations on unhealthy foods and non-alcoholic beverages compared with international best practices. The current study confirmed the importance of continuous accumulation of evidence through national monitoring systems. Developing comprehensive regulations to restrict food marketing, sales and accessibility of unhealthy foods and non-alcoholic beverages is needed to improve the health of food environments in Japan.

Indexed as

Nutrition PolicyPublic HealthFoodFood LabelingGovernmentHumansJapanFood environmentsPolicy implementationPriority actionsThe Healthy Food Environment Policy Index

Identifiers

PMID34924082
PMCPMC9991651

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.