ArticleThrombosis research2022
Sustained inflammation, coagulation activation and elevated endothelin-1 levels without macrovascular dysfunction at 3 months after COVID-19.
Article in Thrombosis research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vascular Complications of Long COVID-From Endothelial Dysfunction to Systemic Thrombosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Heparin-binding protein and Endothelin-1 in critical COVID-19.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Current status and future perspectives on the mechanistic and pathophysiological understanding of long COVID.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Changes in cardiovascular health and physical functioning in non-hospitalized, adult COVID-19 patients after 3 years of follow-up.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular burden of long coronavirus disease: Clinical challenges and emerging biomarkers.World journal of cardiology · 2026Review
- Endothelin: A Potential Universal Systemic Biomarker.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Computational Modeling of Pro-inflammatory Cytokine-Enhanced Blood Coagulation.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Decoding long COVID-associated cardiovascular dysfunction: Mechanisms, models, and new approach methodologies.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2025Review
- Health-related quality of life of adult post COVID-19 condition patients three years after infection and patient characteristics associated with change over time: a longitudinal analysis from the CORFU study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- The Involvement of Endothelin-1 in Sepsis and Organ Dysfunction-A Novel Biomarker in Patient Assessment.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Observational
- Development and internal validation of a prediction model for post-COVID-19 condition 2 years after infection-results of the CORFU study.Diagnostic and prognostic research · 2025Article
- Article
- Intrinsic pathway activation in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and healthy controls.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2025Article
- Cracking the code: ET-1 signaling unlocks new therapies for virus-induced osteoarthritis.Npj viruses · 2024Article
- Transpulmonary Plasma Endothelin-1 Arterial:Venous Ratio Differentiates Survivors from Non-Survivors in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Blockade of endothelin receptors mitigates SARS-CoV-2-induced osteoarthritis.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Activated Factor VII-Antithrombin Complex, a Biomarker of Tissue Factor-Related Pathways in Different Clinical Settings: A Narrative Review from Cardiovascular Diseases to Cancer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Long-term course of ambulatory patients with COVID-19 initially treated with enoxaparin vs no anticoagulation: final analysis of the OVID (enoxaparin for outpatients with COVID-19) randomized trial.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionEndothelial damage and thrombosis caused by COVID-19 may imperil cardiovascular health. More than a year since the WHO declared COVID-19 pandemic, information on its effects beyond the acute phase is lacking. We investigate endothelial dysfunction, coagulation and inflammation, 3 months post-COVID-19. MATERIALS AND
methodsA cohort study was conducted including 203 patients with prior COVID-19. Macrovascular dysfunction was assessed by measuring the carotid artery diameter in response to hand immersion in ice-water. A historic cohort of 312 subjects served as controls. Propensity score matching corrected for baseline differences. Plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 were measured in patients post-COVID-19, during the acute phase, and in matched controls. Coagulation enzyme:inhibitor complexes and inflammatory cytokines were studied. RESULTS AND
conclusionsThe prevalence of macrovascular dysfunction did not differ between the COVID-19 (18.6%) and the historic cohort (22.5%, RD -4%, 95%CI: -15-7, p = 0.49). Endothelin-1 levels were significantly higher in acute COVID-19 (1.67 ± 0.64 pg/mL) as compared to controls (1.24 ± 0.37, p < 0.001), and further elevated 3 months post-COVID-19 (2.74 ± 1.81, p < 0.001). Thrombin:antithrombin(AT) was high in 48.3%. Markers of contact activation were increased in 16-30%. FVIIa:AT (35%) and Von Willebrand Factor:antigen (80.8%) were elevated. Inflammatory cytokine levels were high in a majority: interleukin(IL)-18 (73.9%), IL-6 (47.7%), and IL-1ra (48.9%). At 3 months after acute COVID-19 there was no indication of macrovascular dysfunction; there was evidence, however, of sustained endothelial cell involvement, coagulation activity and inflammation. Our data highlight the importance of further studies on SARS-CoV-2 related vascular inflammation and thrombosis, as well as longer follow-up in recovered patients.
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