ArticleScientific reports2021
Exquisite air sac histological traces in a hyperpneumatized nanoid sauropod dinosaur from South America.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- An unusual titanosaur axis from the Upper Cretaceous of Brazil and its significance for sauropod anatomy and systematics.Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2026Article
- Osteological correlates of the respiratory and vascular systems in the neural canals of Mesozoic ornithurines Ichthyornis and Janavis.Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2026Article
- A new mamenchisaurid sauropod from the Lower Phu Kradung Formation, Upper Jurassic of northeastern Thailand.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Inside a duck-billed dinosaur: Vertebral bone microstructure of Huallasaurus (Hadrosauridae), Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia.Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2026Article
- Histovariability and fossil diagenesis of Pissarrachampsa (Pseudosuchia, Notosuchia, Baurusuchidae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Southeast Brazil.Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2026Article
- Computed tomography reveals multiple origins of extreme caudal vertebral pneumaticity in sauropod dinosaurs.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- The evolution of the air sac system in theropod dinosaurs: Evidence from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- The origin and evolution of air sacs in pterosaurs and their forerunners.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- The influence of soft tissue volume on estimates of skeletal pneumaticity: implications for fossil archosaurs.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Evidence for the Loss of Pneumatization and Pneumosteal Tissues in Secondarily Aquatic Archosaurs.Integrative organismal biology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- A computed tomography-based survey of paramedullary diverticula in extant Aves.Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2023Review
- The absence of an invasive air sac system in the earliest dinosaurs suggests multiple origins of vertebral pneumaticity.Scientific reports · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study reports the occurrence of pneumosteum (osteohistological structure related to an avian-like air sac system) in a nanoid (5.7-m-long) saltasaurid titanosaur from Upper Cretaceous Brazil. We corroborate the hypothesis of the presence of an air sac system in titanosaurians based upon vertebral features identified through external observation and computed tomography. This is the fifth non-avian dinosaur taxon in which histological traces of air sacs have been found. We provided a detailed description of pneumatic structures from external osteology and CT scan data as a parameter for comparison with other taxa. The camellate pattern found in the vertebral centrum (ce) of this taxon and other titanosaurs shows distinct architectures. This might indicate whether cervical or lung diverticula pneumatized different elements. A cotylar internal plate of bone tissue sustains radial camellae (rad) in a condition similar to Alamosaurus and Saltasaurus. Moreover, circumferential chambers (cc) near the cotyle might be an example of convergence between diplodocoids and titanosaurs. Finally, we also register for the first time pneumatic foramina (fo) and fossae connecting camellate structures inside the neural canal in Titanosauria and the second published case in non-avian dinosaurs. The extreme pneumaticity observed in this nanoid titanosaur contrasts with previous assumptions that this feature correlates with the evolution of gigantic sizes in sauropodomorphs. This study reinforces that even small-bodied sauropod clades could present a hyperpneumatized postcranial skeleton, a character inherited from their large-bodied ancestors.
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