ArticleLupus science & medicine2021
Cardiovascular risk management in antiphospholipid syndrome: trends over time and comparison with rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus.
Article in Lupus science & medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel aGAPSS-based nomogram for the prediction of ischemic stroke in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Metabolic Complications in Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases: Pathophysiology, Clinical Implications, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Anticoagulation, recurrent thrombosis, and major bleeding in antiphospholipid syndrome: UK multicenter observational study.Blood advances · 2026Observational
- Seven-year follow-up atherosclerotic plaque progression in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome versus diabetes mellitus and healthy controls.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Review
- Arterial stiffness tested by pulse wave velocity and augmentation index for cardiovascular risk stratification in antiphospholipid syndrome.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular Morbidity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Cureus · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of antiphospholipid syndrome: macro- and microvascular manifestations.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Review
- Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Cardiovascular Significance; Current Evidence and Novel Insights.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Review
- Article
- Article
- Cardiovascular Disease in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Raising Clinicians' Awareness.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Metabolic syndrome in antiphospholipid syndrome versus rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus: Association with arterial thrombosis, cardiovascular risk biomarkers, physical activity, and coronary atherosclerotic plaques.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterised by increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, related to thrombo-inflammatory and atherogenic mechanisms. We examined the achievement of traditional cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) therapeutic goals in APS versus other high cardiovascular risk disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and diabetes mellitus (DM), and trends over time.
methods122 patients with APS (74 primary APS, female 68%, mean age 44.5±11.3) were classified according to their first visit (2011-2015 and 2016-2020 APS subgroups, 61 patients in each subgroup) and matched 1:1 for age/sex with patients with RA and DM. Cardiovascular risk was estimated by the Systemic Coronary Risk Evaluation, and the CVRF therapeutic targets were defined according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines. Individual and multiple CVRF control was compared between APS subgroups, and in APS versus RA and DM.
resultsWe found a comparable or higher prevalence of CVRFs between APS and age-matched/sex-matched patients with RA and DM but low CVRF target attainment in APS according to the ESC guidelines. Despite improving trends between 2011-2015 and 2016-2020, CVRF control in high/very high-risk patients with APS was 12%, 18%, 24% and 35% for low-density lipoprotein, waist circumference, exercise and body mass index, respectively, and 59%-65% for triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and blood pressure, in 2016-2020 subgroup. CVRF control was worse in APS versus RA for smoking (p=0.014), HDL (p<0.001), waist circumference (p=0.042) and five CVRFs (p=0.030), and versus DM for exercise (p=0.077). Similar results were found in the sensitivity analysis.
conclusionsComparable prevalence of modifiable CVRFs to RA and DM but suboptimal CVRF target achievement was observed in APS, especially in high/very high-risk patients, highlighting the need for CVRF management strategies.
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