Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34920706›Full record

ArticleBMC medical imaging2021

Histogram analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the differential diagnosis of parotid tumors.

Shiyu Xiang, Jiliang Ren, Zhipeng Xia, Ying Yuan, Xiaofeng Tao

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical imaging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. MR Image Fusion-Based Parotid Gland Tumor Detection.Journal of imaging informatics in medicine · 2025
    Article
  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Shiyu XiangDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Jiliang RenDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Zhipeng XiaDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Ying YuanDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China. yuany83@163.com.
Xiaofeng TaoDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China. cjr.taoxiaofeng@vip.163.com.
Shanghai Jiao Tong University · CNShanghai Ninth People's Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveDynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) histograms were used to investigate whether their parameters can distinguish between benign and malignant parotid gland tumors and further differentiate tumor subgroups. MATERIALS AND

methodsA total of 117 patients (32 malignant and 85 benign) who had undergone DCE-MRI for pretreatment evaluation were retrospectively included. Histogram parameters including mean, median, entropy, skewness, kurtosis and 10th, 90th percentiles were calculated from time to peak (TTP) (s), wash in rate (WIR) (l/s), wash out rate (WOR) (l/s), and maximum relative enhancement (MRE) (%) mono-exponential models. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences between the benign and malignant groups. The diagnostic value of each significant parameter was determined on Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictors of the different tumor groups.

resultsFor both the benign and malignant groups and the comparisons among the subgroups, the parameters of TTP and MRE showed better performance among the various parameters. WOR can be used as an indicator to distinguish Warthin's tumors from other tumors. Warthin's tumors showed significantly lower values on 10th MRE and significantly higher values on skewness TTP and 10th WOR, and the combination of 10th MRE, skewness TTP and 10th WOR showed optimal diagnostic performance (AUC, 0.971) and provided 93.12% sensitivity and 96.70% specificity. After Warthin's tumors were removed from among the benign tumors, malignant parotid tumors showed significantly lower values on the 10th TTP (AUC, 0.847; sensitivity 90.62%; specificity 69.09%; P < 0.05) and higher values on skewness MRE (AUC, 0.777; sensitivity 71.87%; specificity 76.36%; P < 0.05).

conclusionDCE-MRI histogram parameters, especially TTP and MRE parameters, show promise as effective indicators for identifying and classifying parotid tumors. Entropy TTP and kurtosis MRE were found to be independent differentiating variables for malignant parotid gland tumors. The 10th WOR can be used as an indicator to distinguish Warthin's tumors from other tumors.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildContrast MediaDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansImage EnhancementImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedParotid NeoplasmsRetrospective StudiesContrast MediaDynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imagingHistogramParotid tumor

Identifiers

PMID34920706
PMCPMC8684181
OpenAlexW4200204496

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.